临床试验的先驱:詹姆斯·林德  

A pioneer of clinical trials:James Lind

作　　者：邓利君 吴俊 叶冬青[1] DENG Li-jun;WU Jun;YE Dong-qing(Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Inflam-mation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province,Hefei230032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,炎症免疫性疾病安徽省实验室,合肥230032

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2020年第9期1113-1116,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：詹姆斯·林德(James Lind,1716-1794)是英国的海军外科医生,英格兰卫生学领袖之一。18世纪欧洲海上人类活动被各种疾病肆虐。林德通过临床对比试验发现橘子和柠檬能有效预防和治疗坏血病,还提出一系列改善船员健康的卫生举措,明显降低了船员伤寒发病率和死亡率。同时,他将疾病的发生与其生活的地理环境联系在一起,推动了医学地理的发展。至今,他的诸多卫生思想仍被沿用。James Lind(1716-1794) was a British Navy surgeon and one of the leaders of British hygiene. In the 18 th century, human activities on the sea of Europe were ravaged by various diseases. Lind found that orange and lemon could effectively prevent and treat scurvy diseases through clinical comparative tests, and put forward a series of health measures to improve crew health, which significantly reduced the incidence and mortality of typhoid fever. Meanwhile, he linked the occurrence of diseases with the geographical environment in which he lived to promote the development of medical geography. Up to now, many of his health thoughts are still in use.

关 键 词：坏血病 海军卫生 詹姆斯·林德 历史人物 公共卫生 

分 类 号：R821.8[医药卫生—临床医学] R188