低温和植物生长调节剂诱导春石斛‘Carmen’开花及其生理变化  

Flowering and Physiological Changes of ‘Carmen’ Induced by Low Temperature and Plant Growth Regulators

作　　者：章金辉 王再花 李杰 叶广英 刘海林 ZHANG Jinhui;WANG Zaihua;LI Jie;YE Guangying;LIU Hailin(Guangdong Jinying Flower&Ornamental Plants Company Limited,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510640;Environmental Horticulture Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510640)

机构地区：[1]广东金颖花卉苗木有限公司,广东广州510640 [2]广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所,广东省园林花卉种质创新综合利用重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第18期64-70,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目珠江科技新星资助项目(201806010180);广东省重点领域研发计划资助项目(2019B020214005);广东省现代农业产业技术体系设施农业创新团队资助项目(粤农农函[2019]1019);院新兴学科创意农业研究团队资助项目(201806xx)。

摘　　要：以春石斛品种‘Carmen’为试材,比较了上山处理+植物生长调节剂(GA3、噻苯隆和多效唑)组合处理(A)、上山处理对照(ACK)、平地+植物生长调节剂(GA3、噻苯隆和多效唑)组合处理(B)以及平地对照(BCK)对其开花以及矿质营养元素、可溶性糖、淀粉、蛋白质及内源激素含量变化的影响,以期为石斛开花调控及其品质提升提供参考依据。结果表明:A处理效果最佳,显著提高了花芽株诱导率、开花节数和单株开花朵数。各处理的淀粉含量在处理期间明显下降,可溶性糖含量在第10、30天时出现2个峰值,而处理A和B的蛋白质含量在20~40 d上升。处理A的全氮含量第20天起高于其它处理,而其全磷含量在第40天时也高于其它处理。各处理的钙含量变化最大,均在第20天时达到最低,随后又升高,而镁含量在处理期间变化较小。各处理的GA3在10 d时显著上升,且A处理的GA3含量水平则显著高于其它处理,IAA含量在第20天达到最大值,随后显著下降,而处理BCK第20天的IAA含量水平则显著低于其它3个处理,ABA含量则在处理期间均呈现显著下降趋势。综上,上山结合植物生长调节剂处理能促进春石斛品种‘Carmen’开花,并提高其开花品质。Dendrobium Fairyflake ‘Carmen’ was used as materials,effects of low temperature and plant growth regulators were evaluated under uphill+plant growth regulator(GA3,thiampone and paclobutrazol)(as treatment A),flat+plant growth regulators(GA3,thibenduron and paclobutrazol)(as treatment B),uphill control(as treatment ACK),and flat control(as treatment BCK).The flowering traits,content changes of mineral nutrient,soluble sugar,starch,protein and endogenous hormones were also detected in order to provide beneficial references for flowering regulation and quality improvement of Dendrobium.The results showed that the effect of treatment A was the best,and the induction rate of flower buds,the number of flowering nodes and flowers per plant were significantly increased.The starch content of each treatment decreased during the treatment period,and the soluble sugar content showed two peaks at 10 days and 30 days,while the protein content of treatment A and B increased at 20-40 days.The total nitrogen content of treatment A was higher than other treatments on the 20 th day,and the total phosphorus content was also higher than other treatments on the 40 th day.The calcium content of each treatment changed the most,reached a minimum at 20 days,followed by increase,while the magnesium content changed a little during the treatment.The GA3 content of each treatment increased significantly at 10 days,and the level of GA3 in treatment A was significantly higher than other treatments.The content of IAA reached the maximum at 20 days,and then decreased significantly,while IAA content of BCK treatment was significantly lower than other three treatments at 20 days.The ABA content showed a significant downward trend during the treatment period.In conclusion,the uphill treatment added plant growth regulator can promote the flowering of ‘Carmen’ and improve its flowering quality.

关 键 词：春石斛 低温 植物生长调节剂 开花 内源激素 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]