上海排污许可证核定规则优化思考——以燃煤电厂为例  

Optimization of Emission Permit Approval Rule in Shanghai——Taking Coal-fired Power Plants as an Example

作　　者：戴洁[1] 胡静[1,2] 钱美尹 胡宁 DAI Jie;HU Jing;QIAN Meiyin;HU Ning(Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233,China;School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233 [2]国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室,上海200233 [3]华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院,上海200241

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2020年第5期24-29,共6页Environmental Protection Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0207506);上海市环保科研项目(沪环科[2018]第51号、沪环科[2019]第17号)。

摘　　要：参考国内外通用做法,基于上海10家燃煤公共电厂实际排放情况,研究制定不同情景下的基于历史排放绩效的基准线。结果表明:对于产品结构单一的火电行业,具备采用基于历史排放绩效的基准线法开展许可排放量初始分配的基础,并可与环境质量改善目标结合,制定相应的基准线,体现鼓励先进。同时也应认识到:当前类似火电行业产品结构单一、且排放监测数据可靠的行业相对较少,综合考虑上海环境质量管理需求及企业的排放数据管理基础,历史排放法核定规则依然为上海排污许可证核定规则的首选,但应尽早启动基于历史排放绩效的基准线法研究,并由易及难,逐步由产品种类单一行业扩大至产品种类复杂行业,促进高质量发展。Considering the common method at home and abroad,according to the actual emission status of ten coal-fired public power plants in Shanghai,the benchmark under different scenarios based on the historical emission performances was established in this paper.The results showed that,for the thermal power industry with the single product,the benchmark method based on the historical emission performance could be used to carry out an initial emission allocation.The benchmarks also could be established by combining with the objective of environmental quality improvement.This process encouraged the advanced enterprises.In addition,there were relatively few industries with the single product and the reliable emission monitoring data,such as the thermal power industries.Considering the demand of Shanghai environmental quality management and the basis of the enterprise emission data management,the approval rule of historical emission method was still the first choice for the emission permit approval rules in Shanghai.However,the study of benchmark method based on the historical emission performance should be started as soon as possible.And the benchmark method application should be gradually expanded from the single product industry to the complex product industry to promote a high quality development.

关 键 词：燃煤电厂 排放绩效 核定规则 环境质量改善 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]