防治棉花苗期两种根腐类病害的种衣剂研制  

Development and Screening of Seed Coating Agent for Controlling Two Kinds of Root Rot Diseases of Cotton at Seedling Stage

作　　者：刘梦丽[1] 李进[2] 张军高 周小云[2] 杜鹏程 王莉[1] 翟梦华 郭庆元[1] 雷斌[2] LIU Mengli;LI Jin;ZHANG Jungao;ZHOU Xiaoyun;DU Pengcheng;WANG LI;ZHAI Menghua;GUO Qingyuani;LEI Bin(College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2020年第9期1713-1723,共11页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“萎锈灵种衣剂杀菌剂对提高新疆棉花苗期耐低温冷害能力的机制研究”(31760073);公益性行业(农业)科研专项“棉花苗期根腐类病害综合治理技术”(201503112-6)。

摘　　要：【目的】研制有效防治棉花苗期立枯病、红腐病两种根腐类病害的种衣剂。【方法】选用萎锈灵和咯菌腈原药为主要成分,采用生长速率法测定不同种衣剂配方对两种病原菌的抑菌力,采用室内发芽及盆栽试验验证其对棉苗的安全性及促生作用;并于室内及田间进行防病、增产比较。【结果】萎锈灵:咯菌腈为7.2∶1.0复配比的种衣剂抑菌及棉苗促生效果最佳,且优于市售种衣剂20%甲枯·福美双。经室内盆栽接菌试验及田间验证发现7.2∶1.0复配比,防病及增产效果最好,其在室内对立枯病及红腐病的防效分别为87.19%、88.30%,在田间对两病的防效分别为75.79%、66.3%,增产效果达到9.11%。【结论】萎锈灵·咯菌腈种衣剂配方以7.2∶1.0复配最佳,该种衣剂有效防治棉花苗期根腐类病害,并具有一定的增产效果。【Objective】To develop a seed coating agent which can effectively control two kinds of root rot diseases of cotton at seedling stage:Rhizoctonia solani K.and Fusarium verticillioides spp.【Method】The raw drugs of carboxin and fludioxonil were selected as the main components,the growth rate method was used to determine the bacteriostatic effects of different seed coating formulations on two kinds of pathogenic bacteria,indoor germination and pot experiments were used to verify its safety and growth-promoting effect on cotton seedlings,and the comparison of disease control and yield increase was carried out indoors and in the field.【Result】The principal component analysis showed that the bacteriostatic effect and cotton seedling growth-promoting effect of the seed coating agent with the compound ratio of 7.2 carboxin and 1.0 fludioxonil was the best,and it was better than the commercial seed coating agent 20%tolclofos-methyl·thiram.Through indoor pot inoculation experiments and field verification,it was found that the compound ratio of 7.2∶1.0 had the best effect on disease control and yield increase.Its control effects on opposite blight and red rot were 87.19%and 88.30%,respectively.In the field,the control effects on the two diseases were 75.79%and 66.3%,respectively,and the yield-increasing effect reached 9.11%.【Conclusion】The best formulation of seed coating agent of carboxin and fludioxonil was 7.2∶1.0.This kind of coating agent was effective to control root rot diseases of cotton at seedling stage,which had a certain yield-increasing effect.

关 键 词：棉花 种衣剂 立枯病 红腐病 萎锈灵 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] S435.62