藏族和夏尔巴人15个常染色体STRs的遗传多态性  

Genetic polymorphism of 15 autosomal STRs in Tibetan and Sherpa population

作　　者：张致英[1,2] 范小伟 贺娜 张瑶[1,2] 赵一多 刘芳[1,2] 马利锋[1,2] 康龙丽[1,2] ZHANG Zhiying;FAN Xiaowei;HE Na;ZHANG Yao;ZHAO Yiduo;LIU Fang;MA Lifeng;KANG Longli(Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,Shaanxi Province,China;Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏民族大学高原相关疾病分子遗传机制与干预研究省级重点实验室,陕西咸阳712082 [2]西藏民族大学高原环境与疾病相关基因研究高校重点实验室,陕西咸阳712082

出　　处：《天津师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第5期16-22,共7页Journal of Tianjin Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31460286,31660307,31260252,81860329);西藏自治区科技计划资助项目(XZ201801-GB-03);西藏自治区重点基金资助项目(Z2014A09G2-3);西藏自治区青年教师创新支持计划资助项目(QCZ 2016-27,QCZ 2016-29,QCZ 2016-34);西藏自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2016ZR-MQ-06,2015ZR-13-19).

摘　　要：为了探究生活在西藏自治区的藏族人和夏尔巴人的亲缘关系,选取西藏日喀则地区的藏族人225例和夏尔巴人181例,对他们的15个常染色体遗传标记短串联重复序列(short tandem repeat,STRs)进行基因分型,将二者与一些高原人群及世界其他人群进行比对.采用Cervus3.0、Arlequin3.5、Structure2.3.4、R3.0.3、Distruct1.1等统计分析软件,对高原人群的遗传多态性进行分析.在藏族人群中共检测出141个等位基因,频率分布在0.0022~0.6222之间;在夏尔巴人群中共检测出139个等位基因,频率分布在0.0028~0.5691之间.15个位点中,藏族人群的TPOX、D3S1358、TH01位点和夏尔巴人群的D18S51、FGA位点的多态性不高,其余位点均属于高度多态性遗传标记.在STRs遗传结构上,藏族人和夏尔巴人与东亚人群最为接近,与非洲人和欧洲白人相似程度较低.由此认为,藏族人和夏尔巴人都属于东亚人群的一员,高原人群与东亚人群有着共同的遗传结构.In order to explore the genetic relationships of Tibetan and Sherpa in Tibet Autonomy Region of China,225 Tibetan individuals and 181 Sherpas individuals in Shigatse Prefecture were sampled,whose 15 forensic antosomal short tandem repeat(STRs)were genotyped.Furthermore,the two groups were compared with some plateau groups and some groups in other parts of the world.Cervus 3.0,Arlequin(version3.5)software package,Structure(version 2.3.4)software,R statistical software version 3.0.3 and Distruct version 1.1 were adopted to analyze the genetic polymorphism of the people living in plateau.In Tibetan,141 alleles were detected,the frequency of which ranged from 0.0022 to 0.6222.In Sherpa,139 alleles were detected,the frequency of which ranged from 0.0028 to 0.5691.Among the 15 locus,with the exception of TPOX,D3S1358,TH01 in Tibetan and D18S51,FGA in Sherpa,most locus were highly polymorphic genetic markers.According to the analysis of genetic structures of STRs,Tibetans and Sherpas are the most similar to the East Asians,and the least similar to Africans and white Europeans.Over-all,Tibetans and Sherpas shared very similar membership with other East Asian populations,which reveals a common genetic makeup existing between plateau groups and East Asian groups.

关 键 词：藏族人 夏尔巴人 STRS 遗传多态性 

分 类 号：Q986[生物学—人类学]