抚仙湖入湖河流氮磷的时空分布特征  

Temporal and spatial distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus in inflow rivers of Fuxian Lake

作　　者：杨鑫鑫 朱兆洲[1] 张晶[1,2] 李硕 YANG Xinxin;ZHU Zhaozhou;ZHANG Jing;LI Shuo(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学天津市水资源与水环境重点实验室,天津300387 [2]天津师范大学地理与环境科学学院,天津300387

出　　处：《天津师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第5期37-43,共7页Journal of Tianjin Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41673026).

摘　　要：为研究抚仙湖入湖河流氮磷对湖泊富营养化的影响,通过测试环抚仙湖主要入湖河流水体中不同形态氮、磷的质量浓度,对入湖河流氮磷质量浓度的时空分布特征、氮磷负荷的月变化和氮磷比的时空分布特征进行分析.结果表明:抚仙湖入湖河流总氮TN(total nitrogen,TN)的质量浓度为2.37~10.90 mg/L,平均值为5.23 mg/L.溶解态总氮DTN(dissolved total nitrogen,DTN)质量占总氮质量的77.33%,是最主要的赋存形态;颗粒态氮PN(particulate nitrogen,PN)的质量占比相对较少.DTN中溶解态无机氮DIN(dissolved inorganic nitrogen,DIN)的质量浓度明显高于溶解态有机氮DON(dissolved organic nitrogen,DON)的质量浓度.总磷TP(total phosphorus,TP)的质量浓度为0.12~7.33 mg/L,平均值为0.86 mg/L.颗粒态磷PP(particulate phosphorus,PP)的质量占总磷质量的78.43%,是磷的主要赋存方式,溶解态总磷DTP(dissolved total phosphorus,DTP)的质量占比相对较少.DTP中溶解态无机磷DIP(dissolved inorganic phosphorus,DIP)的质量浓度高于溶解态有机磷DOP(dissolved organic phosphorus,DOP)的质量浓度.抚仙湖入湖河流TN的年负荷量为397.12 t/a,TP的年负荷量为35.83 t/a.总氮和总磷向抚仙湖的输入集中在丰水期,氮向抚仙湖的输入以DTN为主,磷向抚仙湖的输入以PP为主.抚仙湖主要入湖河流TN/TP的年负荷量比值为11.08,适宜浮游植物生长,入湖河流氮磷比促进了湖泊富营养化的发生.To investigate the influence of nitrogen and phosphorus in inflow rivers on eutrophication of Fuxian Lake,the distri-bution of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations,the monthly variation of nitrogen and phosphorus loads and the ratios of nitro-gen to phosphorus were analyzed by testing the concentrations of different species of nitrogen and phosphorus in inflow rivers of Fuxian Lake.The results show that concentrations of total nitrogen(TN)in inflow rivers of Fuxian Lake ranges from 2.37 to 10.90 mg/L,with an average of 5.23 mg/L.The mass of dissolved total nitrogen(DTN)accounts for 77.33%of the mass of total nitrogen,which is the most important specie;particulate nitrogen(PN)accounts small proportion.The concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN)are higher than the concentrations of dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)significantly.The concentrations of tota l phosphorus(TP)are 0.12-7.33 mg/L,with an average of 0.86 mg/L.The mass of particulate phosphorus(PP)accounts for 78.43%of the mass of total phosphorus,which is the main specie of phosphorus.The proportion of dissolved total phosphorus(DTP)is relatively small.The dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP)concentrations are higher than the dissolved organic phosphorus(DOP)concentrations.The annual loads of TN and TP in inflow rivers of Fuxian Lake are 397.12 t/a and 35.83 t/a,respectively.The loads of nitrogen and phosphorus in inflow rivers during wet period are higher than that during dry period.The input of nitrogen into Fuxian Lake is dominated by DTN,and the input of phosphorus into Fuxian Lake is mainly PP.The annual average load ratio of TN/TP in inflow rivers is 11.08,which is suitable for phytoplankton growth,and the input of TN and TP in inflow rivers may cause eutrophication in the lake.

关 键 词：抚仙湖 入湖河流 富营养化 氮 磷 时空变化 

分 类 号：P951[天文地球—自然地理学]