CIAE辐射安全防护事业的起步与发展  

Development of Radiation Safety and Protection of CIAE

作　　者：陈凌[1] 文富平[1] 骆志平[1] 王仲文[1] 刘森林[1] 白光[1] 许昌恒[1] 王惠[1] CHEN Ling;WEN Fuping;LUO Zhiping;WANG Zhongwen;LIU Senlin;BAI Guang;XU Changheng;WANG Hui(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2020年第S01期260-274,共15页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

摘　　要：中国原子能科学研究院(CIAE)辐射安全研究所(前身技术安全室)是我国第1个辐射防护研究机构,成立60余年,在辐射防护标准、辐射防护监测、辐射环境监测与评价、天然辐射照射及国民剂量估算、能源与环境、核与辐射应急、放射性废物安全管理与最小化等领域进行了持续的探索和研究,取得了一批科技成果。这些科技成果主要包括:1)主持或参与我国历次辐射防护标准编制及研究;2)开展个人、场所、环境及流出物监测技术研究,建立系统的监测与评价方法,研发辐射防护监测仪器;3)承担科研生产辐射防护保障与技术支持、101重水反应堆大修改建中的辐射防护、核工业30年辐射环境质量评价等工作;4)开展我国氡照射关键问题研究等天然辐射照射和国民剂量估算课题研究;5)开展不同能源链环境影响比较研究;6)承担国家核应急监测技术支持中心运行及参与国家历次核与辐射应急工作;7)放射性废物最小化研究及实践。As the first research institution of China on radiation protection with a history of more than 60 years,Department of Radiation Safety of China Institute of Atomic Energy(formerly Technical Safety Office)has carried out continuous exploration and research in the fields of radiation protection standards,radiation protection monitoring,radiation environment monitoring and evaluation,natural radiation exposure and national dose estimation,energy and environment,nuclear and radiation emergency response and management,radioactive waste safety management and minimization,and has made a number of scientific and technological achievements.The achievements mainly include:1)presiding over or participating in the documentation and research of previous radiation protection standards of China;2)research on individuals,workplaces,environment and effluents monitoring technology,establishing systematic monitoring and evaluation methods,developing radiation protection monitoring instruments;3)undertaking the radiation protection guarantee and technical support for military scientific research and production,radiation protection during the overhaul of 101 heavy water reactor,and radiation environment quality assessment of nuclear industry for the past 30 years;4)carrying out the research on the key issues of radon exposure and other natural radiation exposure issues and estimation of national radiation dose in China;5)carrying out comparative study on environmental impact of different energy chains;6)operating the national nuclear emergency monitoring technical support center and participating in all previous national nuclear and radiation emergencies;7)research and practice of radioactive waste minimization.

关 键 词：辐射防护标准 辐射监测 核应急 天然照射控制 辐射环境影响 放射性废物最小化 

分 类 号：TL7[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]