景观生态网络规划:由空间结构优先转向生态系统服务提升的生态空间体系构建  

Landscape Ecological Network Planning:Ecological Spaces System Building from Spatial Structural Priority to Ecosystem Services Improvement

作　　者：申佳可[1] 王云才[2,3,4] SHEN Jiake;WANG Yuncai(the College of Architecture and Urban Planning(CAUP),Tongji University;the Department of Landscape Architecture,College of Architecture and Urban Planning(CAUP),Tongji University;the Center for Ecological Wisdom and Ecological Practice;Land Planning,Design and Environmental Effect Research Center,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Ecology and Energy-Saving Study of Dense Habitat(Tongji University))

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院景观学系 [3]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院生态智慧与生态实践研究中心 [4]同济大学高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室、国土生态规划设计与环境效应研究中心

出　　处：《风景园林》2020年第10期37-42,共6页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号51978479);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(编号22120200082)。

摘　　要：城市扩张带来的生境破坏及生态系统服务水平下降导致城市生态风险加剧。景观生态网络规划成为解决这一矛盾并响应国家生态文明政策的主要途径。基于对现有景观生态网络规划方法及其不足的梳理,提出构建以生态系统服务绩效提升为目标,基于融合功能与结构空间优先级的景观生态网络整体优化的概念与方法框架。该框架回应了国土空间规划体系下对生态空间体系规划的新需求,并强调了4个核心策略:基于城市生态问题的关键生态系统服务诊断、整合生态资源供给与人类社会需求的生态源识别、遵循生态系统服务交付过程并结合城市发展规划的廊道提取与网络结构修正、兼顾网络功能与结构价值最大化的生态用地多情景开发,以探索适应城市扩张、提高生态系统服务绩效的生态网络规划路径。The expansion of cities has led to the destruction of habitats and the decline of ecosystem services,which result in the aggravation of urban ecological risks.Landscape ecological network planning is the main way to solve this contradiction and respond to the national ecological civilization policy.Based on the summary of existing traditional landscape ecological network planning methods and shortcomings,this research constructs a conceptual and methodological framework for the overall optimization of the ecological network based on the spatial priority integrating function and structure,which aims to improve ecosystem service performance.The framework responds to the need for ecological space system planning under the system of territory spatial planning,and highlights four core strategies:key ecosystem service diagnosis based on urban ecological risks,identification of ecological sources integrating ecological resources supply and human society demands,extraction of corridors and structural modification of network following the ecosystem service delivery process and combined with urban development and planning,and ecological land use structure scheme development stressing the maximal value of ecological network function and structure,aiming at exploring the ecological network planning path to adapt to the expansion of cities and improve the comprehensive efficiency of ecosystem services.

关 键 词：风景园林 景观生态网络 生态系统服务 空间优先级 生态空间体系 景观绩效提升 方法框架 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]