老年弱势群体生活质量影响因素分析  

Research on the quality of life among Chinese disadvantaged elderly population

作　　者：刘伟霞[1,2] 郑大川[1,2] 郭有 董势[4] 林中燕 LIU Wei-xia;ZHENG Da-chuan;GUO You;DONG Shi;LIN Zhong-yan(Internet Innovation Research Center—The College's Research Base of Humanities and Social Science in Fujian province,Minjiang University;Straits Institute of Minjiang University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350121;The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000;Fujian Linlihui Health Management Co.,Ltd.Fuzhou,Fujian 350001)

机构地区：[1]闽江学院福建省高校人文社科研究基地互联网创新研究中心 [2]闽江学院海峡学院,福建福州350121 [3]赣南医学院第一附属医院,江西赣州341000 [4]福建邻里汇健康管理有限公司,福建福州350002

出　　处：《赣南医学院学报》2020年第8期806-812,共7页JOURNAL OF GANNAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

基　　金：国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作项目(欧盟地平线联合项目)“基于网络咨询的手机APP自我健康管理模式预防痴呆的实施性研究”(项目编号:2017YFE0118800);中央财政支持地方科技发展专项“福建省糖尿病及并发症防治技术创新联合实验室”(项目编号:2018L3007)。

摘　　要：目的:采用世界卫生组织生活质量简表(WHOQOL-BREF)对我国老年弱势群体的生活质量进行评价,并对其相关影响因素进行分析。方法:在2018年3月至2018年6月期间,对福建省多个社区养老服务中心进行基于人群的横断面研究。研究中,使用经验证的WHOQOL-BREF工具以及社会经济和人口学特征来测量生活质量。运用单因素方差分析和描述性统计方法,探讨社会人口统计学变量与生活质量的关系,建立各领域的多元线性回归模型,以识别影响生活质量得分的变量。结果:本研究共纳入360名受试者(男性51.1%,女性48.9%)。生活质量总分平均分为65.2(s=10.3)分,其中生理、心理、社会关系和环境领域的生活质量平均得分分别为65.2(s=14.0)、64.6(s=11.3)、70.0(s=9.7)和64.0(s=11.8)。在多元线性回归模型中,收入状况和职业是所有领域中生活质量的显著影响因素。中国老年弱势群体的生活质量总得分较低,年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、疾病状况、职业和收入状况等6个因素都对其有显著影响。结论:中国老年弱势群体生活质量处于较低水平,受社会人口统计学变量的显著影响。这些发现有助于我们了解中国老年弱势群体的生活质量,有助于研究人员和从业人员使用WHOQOL-BREF这一评估工具将其结果与规范性数据进行比较。Objective:This study aims to investigate the QoL of Chinese disadvantaged elderly population with World Health Organization’s quality of life instrument(WHOQOL-BREF)and analyze its related factors.Methods:A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in several community elderly care centers in Fujian province during March to June in 2018.Participants'QoL was measured by using the validated WHOQOL-BREF instrument,socioeconomic and demographic information was also collected.The relationship between socio-demographic variables and domains of QoL were then explored by using descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA.Multivariate linear regression models wereconstructed to explore the variables affecting the total and each domain of QoL scores.Results:360 participants were investigated in this study(51.1%male,48.9%female).The mean score of QoL was 65.2(s=0.3),and the mean scores in physical,psychological,social relationship,and environmental domains were 65.2(s=14.0),64.6(s=11.3),70.0(s=9.7),and 64.0(s=11.8),respectively.The multiple linear regression models showed that income and profession were significant factors affecting QoL;the total score of QoL among the investigated Chinese disadvantage elderly was low,and six factors(i.e.,age,marital status,education level,disease status,occupation,and income)had significant impacts on the quality of life.Conclusion:The QoL in Chinese disadvantaged elderly population is at a low level,which is significantly affected by socio-demographic variables.This study informs us of the QoL in Chinese disadvantaged elderly population and gives insights for researchers and practitioners who would use WHOQOL-BREF to compare their results with normative data.

关 键 词：生活质量 老年弱势群体 世界卫生组织生活质量简表 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]