诚实信用原则条款在商标救济程序中的体系化适用  

The Systematic Application of the Clause of the Principle of Good Faith in Trademark Remedy Procedures

作　　者：孙山[1] Sun Shan

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学经济法学院

出　　处：《南大法学》2020年第3期147-166,共20页NanJing University Law Journal

基　　金：2018年国家社科基金一般项目《应对国际贸易知识产权制度变革的中国方案研究》(18BFX219)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《商标法》自2013年修改后,明确规定了诚实信用原则条款。该条款旨在应对商标的恶意抢注,前期研究的准备不足导致我们对该原则在商标法中的适用缺乏体系性思考。诚实信用原则是具有禁止性效力的原则,诚实信用原则条款的引入旨在通过解释的方式实现对意思自治的合理限制,该条款应当被解释为效力性强制性规范。诚实信用原则只能适用于事先知晓他人在先合法利益存在的私法主体之间,知晓的前提多是特定信任关系的存在,应依知晓的程度和原因而确立有差异的义务。在商标评审的救济程序中,《商标法》中的诚实信用原则条款既可以充当具体规则模糊用语的解释依据,也可以充当规则缺位时的兜底补充条款;《民法总则》中的诚实信用原则条款可以充当恶意异议和恶意无效宣告的救济依据。在司法救济程序中,诚实信用原则可以用于过错的推定,充当自由裁量的依据。Since the revision in 2013,the Chinese Trademark Law has clearly stipulated the clause of the principle of good faith.This clause aims to deal with the malicious cybersquatting of trademarks.The lack of preparations for previous studies has led to a lack of systematic thinking on the application of this principle in the trademark law.The principle of good faith is a principle with prohibitive effect.The introduction of the clause of the principle of good faith is aimed at realizing reasonable restrictions on the autonomy of will through legal interpretation.This clause should be interpreted as a mandatory norm of validity.The principle of good faith can only be applied to private law subjects who know in advance the existence of others prior legal interests.The premise of knowing is mostly the existence of a specific trust relationship,and different obligations should be established according to the degree of and reasons for knowledge.In the remedy procedure for trademark review,the clause of the principle of good faith in the trademark law can serve as a basis for the interpretation of vague terms in specific rules,and can also serve as a supplementary provision in the absence of rules;the clause of the principle of good faith in the General Rules of Civil Law can serve as a relief basis for malicious objections and malicious invalidation declarations.In judicial relief procedures,the principle of good faith can be used in the presumption of fault and serve as a basis for discretion.

关 键 词：诚实信用 商标 意思自治 信任关系 救济程序 

分 类 号：D923.43[政治法律—民商法学]