论经济特区经济结构变化对广东经济增长的驱动力  

Driving Forces of Special Economic Zone’s Economic Structure for Guangdong Province’s Economic Growth

作　　者：杨新洪 YANG Xinhong

机构地区：[1]广东省统计局,广东广州510031

出　　处：《深圳社会科学》2020年第5期82-92,159,共12页Social Sciences in Shenzhen

摘　　要：改革开放之初的1980年,广东的深圳、珠海、汕头三个地市凭借毗邻港澳的区位优势、华侨众多的地理人脉优势,被中共中央、国务院批准设立经济特区。三个经济特区的地区生产总值、财政收入、进出口和常住人口等统计数据显示,经济特区建立40年(1980—2019年)来的产业结构、需求结构、城乡结构和人口结构发生了深刻变化。产业结构优化升级、内外需求稳定增长、城乡发展差距缩小、人口规模及素质的大幅提高等,都成为了当地乃至全广东省经济发展的重要驱动力。目前,经济特区也面临如何进一步高质量发展的挑战,这对政策制定提出了更高的要求。应当继续深化体制机制改革、充分利用粤港澳大湾区发展契机、推动更高质量的对外开放、坚持以人为本的城市化建设、推进城乡均衡发展、因地制宜地探索发展道路,这也将为广东以及全国其他地区的发展提供宝贵经验。At the beginning of the Reform and Opening up,Shenzhen,Zhuhai and Shantou in Guangdong Province were approved to set up special economic zones by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council due to their geographical advantages of proximity to Hong Kong,Macao,and human resources of numerous overseas Chinese.Based on statistical data of GDP,fiscal revenue,import,export and resident population of these special economic zones,this paper analyzes their evolution paths regarding industrial structure,demand structure,urban and rural structure,and population structure during the last 40 years(1980-2019).Accordingly,this paper summarizes the characteristics and problems of those factors,as well as their important internal driving role in the whole province’s economic development.It is indicated that the development of the special economic zones have provided guidance and demonstration for the high-quality development of Guangdong and the whole country,and has strongly supported the socialist modernization process of Guangdong.Finally,in view of the current development stage and existing problems,this paper puts forward some policy suggestions for the further high-quality development of the special economic zones,which also provides valuable experience and reference for the development of Guangdong and other regions in the country.

关 键 词：经济特区经济结构 经济增长驱动力 经济结构演变 

分 类 号：F292[经济管理—国民经济]