攀西地区土壤温湿度及盐分与烟株生长的相关性研究  

The Relationship of Soil Temperature and Humidity and Soil Salinity with Tobacco Growth of in Panxi Area

作　　者：江连强 官宇 殷鹏涛 丁孟 江其朋 JIANG Lian-qiang;GUAN Yu;YIN Peng-tao;DING Meng;JIANG Qi-peng(Liangshan Prefecture Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company,Xichang Sichuan 615000,China;Panzhihua Prefecture Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company,Panzhihua Sichuan 617000,China;School of Plant Protection,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司四川省公司凉山州公司,四川西昌615000 [2]中国烟草总公司四川省公司攀枝花市公司,四川攀枝花617000 [3]西南大学植物保护学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《植物医生》2020年第4期15-20,共6页Plant Doctor

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局绿色防控重大专项110201901042(LS-05).

摘　　要：攀西地区是四川省重要的烟草种植生态区,具备优越的光热条件,为烤烟的生长提供了有利环境,但是,攀西地区年际降雨分布不均,烟苗移栽前后降雨较少,土壤处于极度缺水状态,导致前期烟株长势缓慢.针对这一情况,本研究在四川省凉山州冕宁县、德昌县和攀枝花市盐边县建立研究试验点,选择田间长势差异明显的烟株为研究对象,通过对烟株农艺性状和土壤温度、湿度和盐分等性质的检测,分析移栽后影响烟株长势的关键因子,并针对性开展调控措施.结果表明,长势佳的烟株土壤湿度较长势差的烟株高出30.01%,土壤盐分高出137.52%,二者可能存在耦合关系,水分促进土壤中肥力(盐分)的释放,以提供烟株健康生长所必需的水分和养分.本研究旨在明确影响烟株生长的关键因子,为缓解移栽后阶段性干旱胁迫,提高烟苗移栽成活率,促进烟株的早发快长,提高田间烟株的整齐度,实现烟叶产质量的提升寻找理论基础,为烟田管理和烟叶生产提供理论支撑.Panxi is an important area for tobacco cultivation in Sichuan province,for its advantageous light and heat conditions provide a favorable environment for tobacco growth,but it suffers from the disadvantage of uneven annual rainfall.Around the time of transplanting,precipitation is often inadequate,and the fields are in serious water deficiency,thus resulting in poor growth in the early stages of the tobacco plants.In order to provide a theoretical support for tobacco field management and tobacco production in Panxi area,field experiments were made in Mianning,Dechang and Yanbian of Xichang Prefecture,in which tobacco plants with distinct difference in growth vigor were observed,and their agronomic characters and soil temperature,humidity and salinity were investigated,so as to find out the critical factors influencing their growth after transplanting and develop the control measures.The results showed that soil humidity and soil salinity of vigorous plants were 30.01%and 137.52%higher than those of poorly growing plants,and a coupling relationship might be present between the two factors.Adequate water promoted the release of soil fertility,thus providing the necessary water and nutrients for the healthy growth of the tobacco plants.

关 键 词：烟株生长 土壤温度 土壤湿度 土壤盐分 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]