坝上高原区不同退化草地土壤特征分析  

Analysis of Soil Characteristics of Different Degraded Grasslands in Bashang Plateau

作　　者：陈奇乐 谢梦姣 李智 张益琛 张利 王树涛 CHEN Qi-le;XIE Meng-jiao;LI Zhi;ZHANG Yi-chen;ZHANG Li;WANG Shu-tao(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;College of Land and Resources,HebeiAgricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北农业大学国土资源学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2020年第5期103-109,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(18227511D)资助。

摘　　要：为了了解河北省张北坝上草地退化情况,以张北坝上地区不同退化程度草地为研究对象,通过野外调查及室内测定分析的方法,研究了不同退化草地土壤物理、化学和微生物特征。结果表明:从土壤物理性质来看,与未退化草地相比,土壤容重在中度退化和重度退化草地显著增大(P<0.05),增幅分别为28.45%、31.03%;土壤总孔隙度在中度退化和重度退化草地显著减小(P<0.05),减幅分别为21.97%、23.17%;土壤含水量在中度退化和重度退化草地显著减小(P<0.05),减幅分别为65.22%、63.04%;随着草地退化程度的加剧,土壤团聚体的平均重量直径和几何平均直径有减小的趋势,而分维数有增大的趋势。从土壤化学性质来看,与未退化草地相比,土壤pH值在重度退化草地显著增大(P<0.05),增幅为19.13%;有机质和全氮含量在重度退化草地显著减小(P<0.05),减幅分别为33.74%、28.07%;速效磷含量在中度退化和重度退化草地显著减小(P<0.05),减幅分别为19.28%、25.55%;不同程度退化草地土壤速效钾含量无显著变化。从土壤微生物数量来看,随着退化程度的加剧,与未退化草地相比,土壤微生物总数在中度退化和重度退化草地显著减小(P<0.05),分别减小了38.85%、67.93%。综合来看,随着退化程度的加剧,草地土壤质量发生明显恶化。To get knowledge of the degradation of grassland in Zhangbei Bashang area of Hebei Province,grasslands with different degrees of degradation were selected to study the soil physical,chemical and microbial characteristics using field investigation and laboratory measurement.The results showed that the soil bulk density increased significantly in moderate(28.45%)and heavy degraded(31.03%)grasslands compared with that of non-degraded grassland.The total soil porosity and soil content were significantly decreased in moderate(21.97%and 65.22%,respectively),as well as severely degraded(23.17%and 63.04%,respectively)grasslands compared with that of non-degraded grassland.With the deterioration of grassland degradation,the stability of soil aggregates was decreased.For soil chemical properties,soil pH value increased(19.13%)significantly in severely degraded grassland(P<0.05).The soil organic matter and total soil nitrogen content decreased(33.74%and 28.07%,respectively)significantly in severely degraded grassland(P<0.05).The soil available phosphorus decreased significantly in moderately degraded grassland(19.28%)and severely degraded grassland(25.55%)(P<0.05).The soil available potassium contents showed no significant changes among different degraded grasslands.For soil microbial properties,with the increase of grassland degradation,the total number of microorganisms decreased significantly in moderately degraded grasslands(38.85%)and severely degraded grasslands(67.93%)(P<0.05).In summary,with the deterioration of grassland degradation,soil quality exhibited a deteriorated tendency.

关 键 词：坝上高原 退化草地 土壤物理特征 土壤化学特征 土壤微生物数量 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]