金花菜与燕麦间作对牧草产量与品质的影响  

Effects of Intercropping Burr Medic with Oats on Forage Yield and Quality

作　　者：江舟 陈丰 王东军 魏臻武[1] 唐晨阳 JIANG Zhou;CHEN Feng;WANG Dong-jun;WEI Zhen-wu;TANG Chen-yang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 224100,China;Dafeng Dingshen Agriculture Ltd.,Dafeng 202150,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]大丰鼎盛农业有限公司,江苏大丰224100

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2020年第5期127-135,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目“紫花苜蓿冬季栽培及轮作作物双减关键技术的研究示范”(沪农科推字(2020)第1-2号);中央财政农技推广项目“苕,稻,鸭生态种养技术集成与推广应用”(GT(16)008);江苏现农业(肉羊)产业体系技术如东推广示范基地(SXGC〔2017〕078)。

摘　　要：为探索江淮地区最佳的人工牧草种植模式,设置5种不同牧草间作播种比例研究金花菜与燕麦间作对牧草产量与品质的影响,并采用灰色关联度分析研究金花菜和燕麦间作中农艺性状与产量的关系。结果表明,金花菜与燕麦间作各农艺性状与牧草产量的关联度顺序为:燕麦株高>金花菜株高>燕麦旗叶长>金花菜叶长>燕麦茎叶比>金花菜分枝数。金花菜播种比例高的间作处理与燕麦单播处理相比,其所获燕麦的产量及品质明显改善。与金花菜单播模式相比,金花菜播种比例高的间作处理对金花菜牧草品质影响不大,而在燕麦播种比例高或播种比例相等的处理中,金花菜株高下降明显,粗蛋白含量下降至11.60%~14.56%,相对饲用价值下降至151.74~155.15。在各处理中,金花菜与燕麦间作比例为2∶1的处理干草产量与饲用价值最高,总干草产量达2177.42g/m^2,与燕麦单播相比增加了28%,土地当量比为1.80;燕麦与金花菜粗蛋白含量分别为14.28%、26.29%,相对饲用价值分别为172.61、151.03;这个间作模式为江淮地区最佳的人工牧草种植模式。Intercropping of gramineous forage and legumes is an important method to improve the soil quality and forage quality. In order to explore the best artificial forage planting model in Huai river basin, five different forage intercropping sowing ratios were set up to study the effect of intercropping burr medic(Medicago polymorpha L.) with oats on forage yield and quality. The grey correlation analysis was measured to study the relationship between agronomic characteristics and forage yield. The results showed that the order of correlation degree between total yield of intercropping and agronomic traits was: oat plant height>burr medic plant height>oat flag leaf length>burr medic leaf length>oat stem/leaf ratio>burr medic branch number. The results also indicated that yield and quality of oat in intercropping with high sowing rate of burr medic were significantly improved compared with that of oat monoculture. The intercropping did not have significant impact on burr medic growth and quality in higher seeding ratio of burr medic, compared with burr medic monoculture. However, in the treatment with high or equal oat planting proportion, the plant height of burr medic decreased significantly, The crude protein content decreased to 11.60%~14.56%, and relative feeding value decreased to 151.74~155.15. Among the treatments, the intercropping treatment with 2∶1(MA4) of burr medic and oat could harvest the highest dry matter forage yield with 2177.42 g/m^2, which was increase of 28% compared with oats monoculture. The land equivalent ratios of MA4 was 1.80, the crude protein content of oats and burr medic were 14.28% and 26.29%, respectively, and their relative feeding value were 172.61 and 151.03, respectively, which was the best artificial planting pattern in Jianghuai region.

关 键 词：江淮地区 牧草间作 间作比例 豆科牧草 禾本科牧草 产草量 

分 类 号：S542[农业科学—作物学] S543.8