鄂尔多斯沙地不同生境中啮齿动物的生态位特征  

Niche Characteristics of Rodents in Different Habitats in Kubuqi Sandy Land

作　　者：王利清[1] 张福顺[1] 杨玉平[1] 董维惠[1] WANG Li-qing;ZHANG Fu-shun;YANG Yu-ping;DONG Wei-hui(Grassland Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2020年第5期151-156,共6页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2017MS0380,2018MS03030);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资助(1610332018013,1610332020025);创新工程草原生物灾害监测与防控团队(CAAS-ASTIP-IGR)。

摘　　要：采用Shannon-Wiener生态位宽度指数和Pianka生态位重叠指数对鄂尔多斯库布齐沙地东缘的7种不同生境中的啮齿动物群落进行研究,结果显示:鄂尔多斯沙地7种生境中共有7种啮齿动物分布,其中小毛足鼠的生态位宽度值最高,为0.99。在不同季节,夏季、秋季生态位宽度值最高的为小毛足鼠,生态位宽度值分别为0.99、0.97,春季生态位宽度值最高的为子午沙鼠,为0.60。夏季、秋季生态位宽度指数为0的鼠种为五趾跳鼠,春季生态位宽度指数为0鼠种除五趾跳鼠外还有三趾跳鼠、长爪沙鼠和黑线仓鼠。三趾跳鼠和子午沙鼠的生态位重叠指数最高,为0.90,五趾跳鼠和黑线仓鼠的生态位重叠指数最低,为0.09。春季、夏季、秋季生态位重叠指数最高的鼠种不同,表现出季节差异;春季、夏季、秋季生态位重叠指数为0的鼠种也不同,表明生态位分化在不同季节有差异。春季生态位明显分化,秋季也出现了一些物种的生态位分化,夏季生态位分化不明显。The Shannon-Wiener niche breadth index and the Pianka niche overlap index were used to study the rodent communities in seven different habitats in the eastern edge of Kubuqi sandy land in Erdos.The result showed that there were seven rodent species distributed in seven different habitats in sandy land,and the niche breadth of Phodopus roborovskii was the highest(0.99).In different seasons,the niche breadth of Phodopus roborovskii were the highest in summer(0.99)and autumn(0.97).The niche breadth of Meriones meridianus was the highest in spring(0.60).The mouse species with a niche breadth index of 0 in summer and autumn were Allactaga sibirica,and the mouse species with a nich breadth index of 0 in the spring include Dipus sagitta,Meriones meridianus and Cricetulus barabensis.The Pianka niche overlap index of Dipus sagitta and Meriones meridianus was the highest at 0.90,and the Pianka niche overlap index of Allactaga sibirica and Cricetulus barabensis was lowest at 0.09.The rodent species with the highest niche overlap index in spring,summer and autumn was different,showing seasonal differences,the rodent species with niche overlap index of 0 in spring,summer and autumn was also different,indicating that the niche was differentiated in different seasons.The niche differentiation was obvious in spring,and some species also appeared in autumn,but not obvious in summer.

关 键 词：啮齿动物 空间生态位 生态位宽度 生态位重叠度 人工植被 库布齐沙地 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]