西藏草地畜牧业发展现状与重点任务  

The Present Situation and Key Work Suggestion for Pastoral Livestock Production in Tibet

作　　者：张晓庆[1,2] 参木友 ZHANG Xiao-qing;Canmuyou(Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China;State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resource and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Practaculture Science of Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]省部共建青稞和牦牛种质资源与遗传改良国家重点实验室/西藏自治区农牧科学院草业科学研究所,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2020年第5期157-163,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610332020006);国家(自治区)财政专项资金项目(XZNKYCYS-2020-C-041);西藏自治区重点研发计划荨麻项目;西藏科技计划重大专项(XZ201901NA02);国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-37)。

摘　　要：草地畜牧业是西藏经济发展的支柱产业,发展牦牛、藏羊等优势特色产业对西藏打赢脱贫攻坚战,实现乡村振兴具有重要的意义。但是,饲草料短缺和饲养制度落后长期制约着西藏草地畜牧业的可持续发展。紧密围绕饲草和饲养问题,分析了西藏全区的天然草畜平衡现状、传统饲养方式转型升级研究进展,并针对重点任务提出了举措,包括建设规模化牧草种植加工一体化基地、全面转型升级传统畜牧理念和养殖经营模式以及产业化、品牌化“高原净土”畜产品建设等。Grassland-based livestock production is the pillar industry of Tibet’s economic development.The development of advantageous and characteristic livestock production such as yak and Tibetan sheep is great significance for Tibet to win the battle of poverty alleviation and realize rural revitalization.However,the shortage of forage and backward feeding system have restricted the sustainable development of grassland-based livestock production in Tibet for a long time,which is the key breakthrough for high-quality development of the local grassland-based livestock production towards high quality.Closely focusing on forage and feeding issues,this study analyzed the current situation of forage-livestock balance,and research progress of the transformation and upgrading of traditional feeding regime,and put forward measures for key tasks,including large-scale forage planting and processing integrated bases,comprehensive transformation and upgrading of traditional way of thought and animal management mode,establishment of“plateau pure land”brand animal products and improvement of breeding income in Tibet.

关 键 词：西藏 草地畜牧业 高质量发展 草畜平衡 饲养制度 

分 类 号：S8-1[农业科学—畜牧兽医]