南海南部盆地老地震资料攻关处理关键技术分析  

Analysis of Key Techniques for Processing Old Seismic Data in the Southern South China Sea Basin

作　　者：刘玉萍[1,2,3] 李福元 顾元[1,2,3] 李丽青 LIU Yuping;LI Fuyuan;GU Yuan;LI Liqing(Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources,Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangzhou 510075,China;Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,China Geology Survey,Guangzhou 510760,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局广州海洋地质调查局,广州510760 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广州511458 [3]自然资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室,广州510075

出　　处：《华南地震》2020年第3期124-136,共13页South China Journal of Seismology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0307405);南方海洋与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019D0208);中国地质调查局项目(DD20201118,DD20191007)联合资助。

摘　　要：南海南部盆地地质条件复杂,崎岖地层发育。老地震资料受早期采集装备和处理技术落后的影响,地震资料中深层成像无法满足油气预测和目标评价的需求。通过在老资料地质环境和采集方式的基础上总结了其特征,包括导航信息不全面、采集参数参差不齐且部分采集信息未知、覆盖次数低、多次波复杂、中深层成像困难等。同时,针对老地震资料特征,采用自适应鬼波压制、复杂多次波衰减、子波一致性处理等系列针对性处理技术。新处理成果剖面证明,地震剖面从浅至深成像质量得到了显著改善,为后续油气资源勘探提供了高品质的数据保证。The geological conditions of the southern South China Sea Basin are complex and rugged strata are well developed.The old seismic data are affected by the backwardness of the acquisition equipment and processing technology,and the mid-depth imaging of seismic data can not meet the needs of oil and gas prediction and target evaluation.This paper summarizes the characteristics of the old data on the basis of their geological environment and acquisition methods,including incomplete navigation information,different acquisition parameters and indeterminate part of the acquisition information,low coverage times,complex multiple waves,and difficulty in mid-depth imaging.At the same time,according to the characteristics of old seismic data,a series of processing techniques are adopted,such as adaptive ghost wave suppression,complex multiple wave attenuation,wavelet consistent processing,etc.The new processing results show that the imaging quality of seismic profile has been improved significantly,which provides high quality data guarantee for oil and gas resource exploration.

关 键 词：崎岖地层 多次波 中深层成像 鬼波 子波一致性 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学]