我国天然气进口价格差异性与降低成本对策研究  

Research on the China's Natural Gas Import Price Difference and Reducing Cost Countermeasures

作　　者：殷建平[1] 陈丁薇 Yin Jianping;Chen Dingwei

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)经济管理学院

出　　处：《价格理论与实践》2020年第6期47-51,共5页Price:Theory & Practice

摘　　要：近年来,随着天然气作为清洁能源的战略地位提升,我国天然气表观消费量呈现快速上涨的趋势。而在天然气自然禀赋差异的情形下,我国天然气对外依赖程度显著提高。据2018年数据:我国进口天然气总量占国内天然气表观消费总量的42.9%,2018年我国超越日本成为液化天然气的第一大进口国。在能源转型的战略情形下,未来我国天然气的进口量和对外依存度将有更高的预期。因此,降低天然气进口成本将成为我国理论界和实务界重要的研究命题。本文对我国进口天然气价格进行多维度分析,得出结论:(1)进口管道气缅甸气源价格最高;(2)卡塔尔进口LNG价格最高;(3)LNG现货价格整体上低于LNG长约气价格;(4)我国进口LNG价格显著高于进口管道气价格;(5)相对于欧美国家,我国天然气“亚洲溢价”较为显著。基于此,本文就降低进口天然气成本提出了相关建议。In recent years,with the improvement of the strategic position of natural gas,the apparent consumption of it has shown a rapid upward trend.China's natural gas dependence on external sources has increased significantly in the context of differences in natural endowments.According to 2018 data,China's total imported natural gas accounted for 42.9%of the total domestic apparent consumption of natural gas and surpassed Japan to become the largest importer of LNG.Therefore,reducing the cost of natural gas imports will become an important research topic in China's theoretical and practical circles.This paper conducts a multi-dimensional analysis of China's imported natural gas prices and draws five conclusions.Based on this,this article puts forward relevant suggestions on reducing the cost of imported natural gas.

关 键 词：进口天然气定价 进口LNG价格 进口管道气 进口天然气成本“亚洲溢价” 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济] F752.61