民法典婚姻家庭编的回归与革新  

The Return and Innovation of Book of Marriage and Family in Civil Code

作　　者：申晨 Shen Chen

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心

出　　处：《比较法研究》2020年第5期109-121,共13页Journal of Comparative Law

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2020M670562)资助。

摘　　要：民法典婚姻家庭编兼顾了回归与革新的立法理念。基于婚姻家庭法对民事法律体系的重新融入,婚姻家庭编明确了其基本原则体系相对于民法典总则的独立性,并对身份法律行为建立起三层次的规则适用体系。立法者重新重视家庭法律结构,提出了家庭法律关系的倡导价值,明确了近亲属和家庭成员的范围,强化了家庭关系的“国家认可”标准。夫妻财产规则基于家庭财产结构的变迁发生了与时俱进的革新,新增了夫妻债务认定规则、婚内夫妻财产分割规则、日常家事代理权规则、家务劳动补偿规则等内容。在“疏堵平衡”的指导思想下,婚姻退出机制得到了人性化的完善,如疾病婚姻被调整为可撤销婚姻,登记离婚适用“冷静期”制度等。the compilation of Book of Marriage and Family in Civil Code gives consideration to the legislative idea of both return and innovation.Based on the return of the marriage and family law to the civil law system,Book of Marriage and Family makes clear the independence of its basic principle system compared with the General Principles of Civil Law,and establishes a three-level application system for the rules of personal civil juristic act.Legislators pay more attention to the family legal structure,put forward the advocacy value of family legal relations,clarify the scope of close relatives and family members,and strengthen the"national recognition"standard of family relations.Based on the changes of family property structure,the marital property rules have been adjusted,including the recognition rules of marital debts,the division rules of marital property within marriage,the rules of daily family affairs agency right,the rules of domestic work compensation,etc.Under the guiding ideology of"balance between dredging and blocking,"the mechanism of marriage withdrawal has become more humanized.For example,the marriage with diseased member has been adjusted to a revocable marriage,and the"calm period"system is applicable to registered divorce.

关 键 词：民法典 婚姻家庭编 家庭法律结构 夫妻财产规则 

分 类 号：D923.9[政治法律—民商法学]