不同植被格局对梁峁坡-沟坡的侵蚀动力作用机制  

Regulation mechanism of vegetation pattern on erosion dynamics in hill-gully slopes

作　　者：于国强[1] 贾莲莲[2] 朱冰冰 张霞[4] Yu Guoqiang;Jia Lianlian;Zhu Bingbing;Zhang Xia(Key Laboratory on Groundwater and Ecology in Arid and Semiarid Regions,China Geological Survey,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Upper and Middle Yellow River Bureau,Yellow River Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710021,China;School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710061,China;State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China(Xi’an University of Technology),Xi’an,Shaanxi 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局干旱—半干旱区地下水与生态重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [2]黄河水利委员会黄河上中游管理局,陕西西安710021 [3]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,陕西西安710061 [4]省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室(西安理工大学),陕西西安710048

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2020年第4期10-16,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目“旱区地下水文过程与表生生态重点科技创新团队”(2019TD-040);中国地质调查局项目(DD20190504);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2015JQ4099);国家自然科学基金项目(51779204,41601285)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究不同植被格局对梁峁坡—沟坡的侵蚀动力作用机制,为进一步揭示草地坡面侵蚀规律和植被减蚀效应研究提供科学依据。[方法]以梁峁坡—沟坡为研究对象,采用室内降雨模拟降雨和三维激光扫描技术,分析不同植被格局对梁峁坡—沟坡侵蚀动力作用机制。[结果]径流流速和含沙量共同影响着坡面侵蚀动力过程,径流流速是主要影响因素。坡面的侵蚀产沙来源主要位于沟坡内,不同植被格局下梁峁坡与沟坡产沙比例的不同,反映了植被调控侵蚀的范围和强度的不同。草带位于梁峁坡中下部时,不但能够有效降低梁峁坡的侵蚀程度,而且能够有效抑制和减缓沟坡内的径流流速,大幅度降低梁峁坡下部和沟坡内的侵蚀程度。[结论]不同植被格局可以通过影响径流流速和含沙量来调控梁峁坡—沟坡侵蚀动力。[Objective]The regulation mechanism of different vegetation patterns on erosion dynamics in hill-gully slope was studied in order to provide a scientific basis for further revealing the law of erosion in grassland slope and the effects of vegetation on erosion reduction.[Methods]The regulation mechanism of different vegetation patterns on the erosion dynamics on a hill-gully slope was analyzed with rainfall simulation and three-dimensional laser scanning technology on a hill-gully slope model.[Results]Both runoff velocity and sediment concentration affected the dynamic process of slope erosion,and runoff velocity was the dominant factor.The gully-slope area was the main erosional sediment source.The scope and degree of vegetation regulation impacts with different patterns could be reflected by sediment yield ratios of hillslope to gully-slope.The grass strip located at the middle and lower part of the hillslope not only reduced the erosion degree effectively on the hillslope,but also retarded runoff velocity on the gully-slope greatly which would alleviate the erosion at the lower part of hillslope and gully slope.[Conclusion]Different vegetation patterns regulate the erosion dynamics in hill-gully slope by affecting the runoff velocity and sediment concentration.

关 键 词：植被格局 梁峁坡—沟坡 径流流速 侵蚀量 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]