回火温度对30Cr13Nb0.1铸造马氏体不锈钢组织和性能的影响  

Effect of Tempering Temperatures on Microstructure and Properties of 30Cr13Nb0.1 Cast Martensitic Stainless Steel

作　　者：蔡虎 金洋帆[1] 张家成 杨弋涛[1] CAI Hu;JIN Yangfan;ZHANG Jiacheng;YANG Yitao(School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200444

出　　处：《上海金属》2020年第5期21-26,31,共7页Shanghai Metals

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(No.201910280037)。

摘　　要：熔炼了含0.117%Nb(质量分数)的30Cr13Nb0.1马氏体不锈钢。对钢锭进行了1100℃保温2 h均匀化退火、1020℃保温30 min水淬及分别在250、350和450℃回火2 h。随后采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪等检测了钢的显微组织、硬度、冲击韧性及断口形貌。结果表明:经相同工艺淬火、不同温度回火的钢中碳化物均沿晶界析出,且随着回火温度的升高,碳化物析出量增多,其形态从点状、细链状转变为长链状和条片状,硬度先降低后升高,冲击韧性先升高后降低。此外,腐蚀电位和点蚀电位测量结果表明:450℃回火的钢耐腐蚀性能最差,350℃回火的钢耐蚀性能最好。30Cr13Nb0.1 martensitic stainless steel containing 0.117%Nb(mass percent)was smelted.The steel ingot was homogenized at 1100℃for 2 h,soaked at 1020℃for 30 min then quenched in water,and tempered respectively at 250℃,350℃,and 450℃for 2 h.After this,the steel was tested for microstructure,hardness,impact toughness and fracture pattern by means of optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffractometer and so on.The results showed that carbides in the steels hardened by the same process and tempered at different temperatures all precipitated along grain boundaries,and as the tempering temperature was risen,(a)the precipitated carbides increased,and changed from dot-like and thin-chain-like to long-chain-like and strip-like in shape,(b)the steel hardness decreased first and then increased,and(c)the impact toughness increased first and then reduced.Moreover,from the corrosion potential and pitting potential measurement results,it was seen that the steel had the worst corrosion resistance after tempering at 450℃,and the most satisfactory corrosion resistance after tempering at 350℃.

关 键 词：回火 碳化物 30Cr13Nb0.1钢 力学性能 耐蚀性能 

分 类 号：TG1[金属学及工艺—金属学]