巨噬细胞极化在骨关节炎中的作用  

Macrophage polarization in osteoarthritis

作　　者：徐以明 薛松[1] 桑伟林[1] 马金忠[1] XU Yi-ming;XUE Song;SANG Wei-lin;MA Jin-zhong(Department of Orthopedics,Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai,200080,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属第一人民医院骨科,200080

出　　处：《中国骨与关节杂志》2020年第9期689-694,共6页Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81871795)。

摘　　要：骨关节炎 (osteoarthritis,OA) 是一种临床上常见的慢性退行性关节病变,是引起关节疼痛的主要原因。OA 典型特征表现为关节软骨丢失、软骨下骨改变、骨赘形成和关节滑膜炎症[1]。据估计,全世界有 2.42 亿人患有髋关节或膝关节 OA[2]。由于 OA 的发病机制复杂,目前尚未完全认识,故缺乏能够有效改变骨关节炎病情的药物 (disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs,DMOADs)[3]。Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of common chronic degenerative joint diseases in middle-aged and elderly people.Its pain and disability seriously affect patients’ quality of life.Macrophages is a group of immune cells with high heterogeneity in both phenotype and function,which can be polarized into different phenotypes under different tissue microenvironments and pathological conditions,i.e.,proinflammatory M1 type macrophages and anti-inflammatory M2 type macrophages.M1 and M2 type polarized macrophages play an important role in the occurrence and development of OA.M1 macrophages can inhibit cartilage formation,induce low-grade inflammation in the joints,and affect chondrocyte synthesis,chondrocyte catabolism,mesenchymal cartilage stem cell differentiation and the like to promote the occurrence or progression of OA.M2 type macrophages,contrary to M1 type macrophages,may inhibit the progression of OA.M1 type macrophages can induce the development of OA while M2 type macrophages can delay the progress of OA and promote the transformation of M1 type macrophages into M2 type macrophages to a certain extent,which is conducive to the alleviation and treatment of OA.Some mesenchymal stem cells recently discovered IL-4 or IL-10,organic and inorganic compounds,and some traditional Chinese medicines may produce potential therapeutic effects through this mechanism.This article reviews the role of macrophage polarization in osteoarthritis.

关 键 词：骨关节炎 巨噬细胞 软骨细胞 基因转变 极化 综述 

分 类 号：R684.3[医药卫生—骨科学]