2017-2018年济宁市职业暴露人群血清学和外环境禽流感监测分析  

Surveillance analysis on the serology of population having occupational exposure and avian influenza in external environment in Jining City from 2017 to 2018

作　　者：魏昌印 樊文娟 李立博 姜文国[2] 鲁希茜 WEI Changyin;FAN Wenjuan;LI Libo;JIANG Wenguo;LU Xiqian(Weishar Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong 277600,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]微山县疾病预防控制中心,山东277600 [2]济宁市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2020年第9期852-855,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的了解济宁市职业暴露人群禽流感病毒的接触感染状况和环境禽流感病毒污染状况,为人禽流感的防制提供科学依据。方法2017-2018年采集从事家禽养殖、屠宰等禽流感职业暴露人群的血清标本,使用马红细胞凝集抑制试验(hemagglutination inhibition,HI)法检测禽流感病毒H5、H7、H9抗体;同时采集外环境标本,使用荧光定量RT-PCR法检测禽流感病毒核酸。结果2017-2018年共采集249份禽流感职业暴露人群血清标本,H5、H7、H9抗体检测结果均为阴性;采集城乡活禽市场等各类监测点的水、禽类(含候鸟)粪便及笼具表面等外环境标本共1108份,核酸检测A型阳性100份(9.03%),其中H9亚型阳性74份(74.00%),H7亚型阳性2份(2.00%),H5+H9阳性14份(14.00%),H5+H7+H9阳性1份(1.00%),A未分型9份(9.00%),未检出H5亚型。不同禽类场所、不同类型标本中均检出阳性标本。结论济宁市禽流感职业暴露人群中尚未发现感染禽流感病毒,城乡活禽市场等外环境中存在禽流感病毒的污染,H9亚型为主要病原体,人感染禽流感的风险仍然存在。应加强禽流感监测和职业暴露人群的健康宣教,及时了解流感病毒株变异和疫情动态,减少人禽流感疫情的发生。Objective To investigate the infection status of occupation exposure to avian influenza and the contamination status of avian influenza in external environment in Jining City,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of this influenza.Methods From 2017 to 2018,the serum samples were collected from the workers having occupational exposure to avian influenza,such as people engaged in poultry farming and slaughterers.The antibodies of avian influenza viruses including H5,H7 and H9 were detected by hemagglutination inhibition(HI)test.The fluorescence real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect the nucleic acid of avian influenza viruses involved in environmental specimens.Results A total of 249 serum samples were collected from 2017 to 2018.The antibodies of H5,H7 and H9 were tested negative.Totally 1108 external environmental samples including water,poultry(involving migratory birds)feces and cage surfaces were collected from urban and rural live poultry markets.The results of nucleic acid testing showed that 100 samples(9.03%)were tested positive for type A,among which,74 samples were tested(74.00%)positive for H9 subtype,2 samples(2.00%)were tested positive for H7 subtype,14 samples(14.00%)were tested positive for H5+H9,one sample(1.00%)was tested positive for H5+H7+H9 and 9 samples of undifferentiated type.No sample of H5 subtype was detected.The positive samples were detected from all live poultry markets and different types of specimens.Conclusion Nobody of workers having occupational exposure to avian influenza was found to be infected in Jining City.The contamination of avian influenza viruses existed in external environment,including urban and rural live poultry markets.The H9 subtype was the main pathogen,and the risk of human infection with avian influenza still existed.It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of the influenza and enhance the health education among workers having occupational exposure.Simultaneously,it is important to grasp the various mutations

关 键 词：禽流感 外环境 职业暴露人群 血清学 监测 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]