“多元一体”:集体主导的村社养老模式——基于闽南乡村敬老院的个案考察  

"Pluralistic Integration":A Model of Collective-Led Elderly Care in Rural Communities——A Case Study of Rural Geracomium in Southern Fujian

作　　者：李永萍 LI Yong-ping(Zhou Enlai School of Government,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350)

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院,天津300350

出　　处：《求实》2020年第5期96-108,M0006,共14页Truth Seeking

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“家庭转型与农村老年人危机研究”(63202007)。

摘　　要：敬老院是村社集中供养模式的组织载体。在乡村社会场域中,敬老院的建立和运行离不开村集体的组织动员。村集体不仅是资源整合和社会动员的重要主体,而且通过养老服务外包构建了风险共担、分流治理和监督制衡的治理结构,维系了敬老院的日常秩序。因此,村集体是统合地方政府、乡贤群体、农民家庭和养老服务公司等不同主体的核心,由此形成"多元一体"的村社养老秩序。面对家庭养老和社会养老的困境,通过发掘基层组织的组织动员能力,立足村庄社会构建低成本、高福利的村社养老模式,是回应当前老龄化形势下农村养老服务需求的有益探索。The geracomium is the organizational carrier of the centralized supply of elderly care services by rural communities.In the field of rural society,the establishment and operation of geracomiums are inseparable from the organization and mobilization of the village collective.Village collective not only plays an important part in resource integration and social mobilization,but also constructs a governance structure of risk sharing,mobility governance and oversight and checks through the contracting out of elderly care services,which maintains the daily order of geracomiums.Therefore,the village collective is the core of integrating local government,rural elite groups,farmer households and elderly care service companies,thus forming the"pluralistic integration"of elderly care order in rural communities.In the face of the dilemma of family care and social support of the elderly,it is beneficial to respond to the need of rural elderly care services through exploring the organization and mobilization ability of primary-level organizations and constructing a low-cost,high-welfare model of elderly care in rural communities.

关 键 词：集体主导 多元主体 养老模式 村级组织 村社养老 

分 类 号：F323.89[经济管理—产业经济]