不同材料对铅锌冶炼渣中Zn、Cd和As的稳定化效应  

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT IMMOBILIZING MATERIALS ON ZN,CD AND AS IN LEAD-ZINC SMELTING SLAGS

作　　者：于冰冰 颜湘华[1] 王兴润[1] 张玉秀[2] YU Bing-bing;YAN Xiang-hua;WANG Xing-run;ZHANG Yu-xiu(State Key Laboratory for Environmental Benchmarks and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《环境工程》2020年第8期222-228,254,共8页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC180220)。

摘　　要：采用典型硫化物、含磷材料、含钙碱土类材料、黏土矿物等,对2种含锌(Zn)、镉(Cd)复合污染废渣进行稳定化,考察了各种材料对废渣中共存砷(As)的作用效应,利用H2SO4-HNO 3浸提法评估稳定化效果,以GB 18598—2001《危险废物填埋污染控制标准》为达标限值,达到高效安全处置废渣的目的。1号废渣稳定化结果表明:Na 2S·9H2O、Na 3PO4·12H2O、CaO、MgO、钠基膨润土均适用于废渣Zn和Cd的稳定处理,但含磷材料的施加使As浸出有所检出。2号废渣结果表明:各材料对Zn、Cd、As的综合稳定效果顺序为Na 2S·9H2O>Na 3PO4·12H2O>(NH 4)2HPO4,Na 3PO4·12H2O和(NH 4)2HPO4对Zn的稳定率虽高,但易使As活化;MgO优于CaO,1%MgO对Zn、Cd、As的稳定率分别达到86.99%、91.37%、90.88%。优选MgO和Na 2S·9H2O作为2种废渣的稳定化材料。研究可为国内含Zn、Cd、As废渣的高效稳定化技术提供数据支持。Several materials such as typical sulfides,phosphorus-containing,calcium-containing,magnesium-containing,clay minerals were used to immobilize two kinds of slags containing zinc(Zn)and cadmium(Cd),respectively.The effects of different materials on the coexistence of arsenic(As)in slags were also investigated.The immobilization effect was evaluated by H2SO4-HNO 3 leaching method.China national standard,GB 18598—2001 was taken as the standard requirement.Finally,the purpose of efficient and safe disposal of waste slags can be achieved.The results of immobilization of No.1 slag showed that:Na 2S·9H2O,Na 3PO4·12H2O,CaO,MgO,bentonite had obvious immobilization effect on Zn and Cd,but the application of phosphorus-containing materials made As leaching detected.The results of No.2 slag showed that the immobilization effects of Zn,Cd and As were Na 2S·9H2O>Na 3PO4·12H2O>(NH 4)2HPO4,Na 3PO4·12H2O and(NH 4)2HPO4 were easy to activate As,although they had high immobilization efficiency on Zn;MgO showed better performance than CaO,and the MgO immobilization rates for Zn,Cd,As reached 86.99%,91.37%,90.88%respectively at 1%dosage.MgO and Na 2S·9H2O were the best immobilizing materials.This study could provide data support for efficient immobilization technology of slags containing Zn,Cd and As in China.

关 键 词：废渣 稳定化材料 浸出毒性 稳定效率 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]