高液静压无心磨床砂轮主轴的优化设计研究  

Study on Optimization Design of Grinding Wheel Spindle of High Hydrostatic Pressure Centerless Grinder

作　　者：徐磊 赵丽梅[1] 张成 XU Lei;ZHAO Li-mei;ZHANG Cheng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学机械工程学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2020年第9期29-32,共4页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：贵州省留学人员科技活动项目择优资助重点项目(黔人项目资助合同(2018)0001号);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2017]5788号)。

摘　　要：为了改善高液静压无心磨床砂轮主轴的受载变形情况,提升磨削时的旋转精度,提出结合砂轮主轴的结构和加工过程中的受力及变形情况,采用遗传算法对砂轮主轴进行优化设计。首先,分析了砂轮主轴的结构原理及实际受力情况,提出通过提升砂轮主轴的刚度来减少主轴变形,接着建立了以主轴刚度最大、体积最小为目标函数的数学模型,最后在MATLAB里利用遗传算法编制程序对模型进行计算,并分析了迭代过程中砂轮主轴的刚度和体积变化情况。研究结果表明,砂轮主轴优化后刚度提升了2.23%,从而改善了砂轮主轴磨削加工中的变形,提升了主轴的旋转精度;体积缩小了1.35%,节省了制造成本,同时为相关轴类零件的优化设计提供理论依据。In order to improve the loading and deformation of the spindle of the grinding wheel of the high hydrostatic pressure centerless grinding machine, the rotation precision of the grinding wheel is improved, and the structure and deformation of the spindle of the grinding wheel are put forward, and the optimal design of the grinding wheel spindle is carried out by using the genetic algorithm. First, the structure principle and the actual stress condition of the grinding wheel main shaft are analyzed, the main shaft deformation is reduced by raising the rigidity of the main shaft of the grinding wheel, and then a mathematical model with the maximum principal axis stiffness and the minimum volume as the objective function is established, last but not least, the model is calculated by using the genetic algorithm in MATLAB, and the rigidity and volume change of the grinding wheel spindle in the iteration process are analyzed. The results show that the rigidity of the spindle of the grinding wheel is improved by 2.23%, so that the deformation in the grinding and processing of the grinding wheel spindle is improved, the rotating precision of the main shaft is improved, the volume is reduced by 1.35%, the manufacturing cost is saved, and the theoretical basis is provided for the optimization design of the related shaft parts.

关 键 词：高液静压无心磨床 砂轮主轴 遗传算法 优化设计 

分 类 号：TH69[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]