32份油药兼用红花种质资源表型性状遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity of Phenotypic Characters 32 Germplasm Resources of Oil and Medicine Safflower

作　　者：贾东海[1] 王秀珍[2] 侯献飞 顾元国[1] 买买提伊明·斯马依 梁鸿[3] 孙杰 石必显[1] 苗昊翠[1] 李强[1] 陈跃华[1] JIA Donghai;WANG Xiuzhen;HOU Xianfei;GU Yuanguo;Maimaitiyiming Simayi;LIANG Hong;SUN Jie;SHI Bixian;MIAO Haocui;LI Qiang;CHEN Yuehua(Institute of Economic Xinjiang Academic of Agricultural Science,Urumqi 830091,China;Tacheng Agricultural Technology,Tacheng Xinjiang 834700,China;Department of Natural Pharmacology,School of,Peking University,Beijing 100195,China;China Chinese Medicine Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100195,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]塔城地区农业技术推广中心站,新疆塔城834700 [3]北京大学药学院天然药物学系,北京100195 [4]中国中药有限公司,北京100195

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2020年第10期1775-1784,共10页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“中医药现代化研究”重点专项“新疆高品质红花和肉苁蓉规范化种植示范”(SQ2019YFC170503)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选出油药兼用优质红花种质资源,为选育适应新疆油药兼用优质红花品种提供参考。【方法】对收集的32份油药兼用红花种质资源进行遗传多样性、变异和聚类分析。【结果】种质资源中生育期在80~90 d的有4份,90~100 d的6份,100~110 d的16份,110 d的以上的6份。参试材料的10个质量遗传多样性指数变幅在0.37~1.29;花色的遗传多样性指数最高(1.29);数量性状中多样性指数最大的是含油率和油酸,为3.47;聚类分析将32份材料可以分为10大类,其中第一大类中以青海的材料为主;第二大类包含14份材料;第三大类3份材料;第四大类包括3份材料,主要来自山东。其他材料BXY11(甘肃)、BXY1(新疆)、BXY19(河北)、BXY3(江苏)、BXY8(浙江)分别成一类。【结论】油药兼用红花种质资源主要是叶型倒披(90.6%)、籽粒壳性普通(87.5%)、花球性状圆锥(84.4%)、籽粒性状圆锥(87.5%)为主,新疆油药兼用红花品种品质性状遗传多样性高于产量性状,且材料的聚类与其来源无明显的联系,但青海、甘肃、河南、山东的材料优先聚在一起,新疆拥有丰富的油药兼用红花种质资源,且遗传距离较远。【Objective】To select the oil and medicine safflower germplasm resources high quality for both oil and medicine in Xinjiang.【Method】Genetic diversity analysis,variation analysis and cluster analysis were carried out on 32 oil medicine safflower germplasm resources.【Result】Among the germplasm resources,there were 4 in 80-90 days,6 in 90-100 days,16 in 100-110 days,and 6 in 110 days.Genetic diversity analysis showed that the variation range of 10 quality genetic diversity indexes was 0.37-1.29;The genetic diversity index of flower color was the highest(1.29)in quantitative characters;The highest diversity index of was oil content and oleic acid(3.47)in quality characters.32 materials divided into 10 groups by cluster analysisIn the first category,Qinghai the main material;the second category 14 materials,the third category 3 materials,and the fourth category 3 materials,mainly from Shandong.Other materials bxy11(Gansu),bxy1(Xinjiang),bxy19(Hebei),bxy3(Jiangsu)and bxy8(Zhejiang)classified into one group respectively.【Conclusion】The main germplasm resources of safflower for oil and medicine use were leaf type inversion(90.6%),common kernel shell(87.5%),cone for flower ball(84.4%)and cone for kernel(87.5%).The genetic diversity of quality characters of safflower for oil and drug use in Xinjiang was higher than that of yield characters,and the clustering of materials was not significantly related to its source,but the materials from Qinghai,Gansu,Henan and Shandong were preferred together,Xinjiang has abundant safflower oil and medicine germplasm resources,and its genetic distance is relatively long.

关 键 词：红花 油药兼用 表型 多样性 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]