利用线粒体DNA对飞机撞击后鸟类残体的分子鉴定  

A case report of bird species molecular identification by birdstrike based on mtDNA

作　　者：冯慧[1] 王璐[1] 冯成利[1] FENG Hui;WANG Lu;FENG Cheng-li(Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation,Shaanxi Institute of Zoology,Xi′an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省秦岭珍稀濒危动物保育重点实验室陕西省动物研究所,西安710032

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2020年第5期62-65,共4页Journal of Biology

基　　金：陕西省科技厅自然科学基础研究项目(2019JQ-501);陕西省科学院科学研究专项项目(2019K-11);陕西省科学院优秀青年科研项目(2016K-24)。

摘　　要：mtDNA分子标记技术已广泛应用于野生动物物种鉴定。对一起鸟类撞击飞机后的残体进行了分子和形态鉴定。形态鉴定结果推断为金腰燕。分子鉴定采用鸟类mtDNA Cytb基因和COⅠ基因通用引物对待检测样品进行PCR扩增,扩增结果与GenBank序列比对,并构建系统发生树,对比结果显示待测样品mtDNA Cytb序列和COⅠ序列与普通家燕的相似性均在99%以上,系统发生树也与普通家燕基因序列聚在一起,分子鉴定结果显示被撞鸟类为普通家燕。形态鉴定有一定局限性,最终确定该鸟类为普通家燕。将COⅠ和Cytb基因作为DNA条形码进行鸟类的物种鉴定是可行的,联合使用可以获得更好的鉴定效果。The mtDNA technology has been widely used in the research of species identification.In this study,a bird residue by birdstrike has been identified by the method of morphological and molecular identification.The result of morphological identification showed this bird was red-rumped swallow(Hirundo daurica).Directly extracted total DNA from the bird residue was sample amplified by PCR with two sets of bird-specific primers.Compared with the nucleotide sequences of Hirundo reported in GenBank,the unknown bird sequences of mtDNA Cytb gene and COⅠgene were highly homologous(up to 99%)to the barn swallow′s(Hirundo rustica).The phylogenetic tree constructed with Cytb gene and COⅠgene showed unknown bird and barn swallow strains into the same clade.The result of molecular identification showed this unknown bird was barn swallow.The morphological identification had some limitations.It was finally determined that the unknown bird was barn swallow.DNA barcoding using COⅠor Cytb genes were reaffirmed,what is more,combining these genes were more effective for identification of bird species.

关 键 词：分子鉴定 CYTB基因 COⅠ基因 动物残体 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学] Q953