煤矸石及其自燃风化土中可培养细菌的分离与解磷抗镉特性  

Isolation of Cultivable Bacteria in Coal Gangue Spontaneous Combustion Weathered Soil and Phosphate-Solubilizing and Cadmium-Resistant Characteristics

作　　者：姜彬慧[1] 姜琦 周星星 施洋 JIANG Bin-hui;JIANG Qi;ZHOU Xing-xing;SHI Yang(School of Resources&Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《东北大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第10期1438-1444,共7页Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1503105).

摘　　要：采用平板涂布分离法,从抚顺西露天煤矿内排土场煤矸石风化土(MF)及煤矸石自燃风化土(MZ)中分离纯化出3株细菌,标记为MF2,MZ1和MZ2.利用16S rRNA基因序列检测,结合细菌形态与生理生化特征对其进行种属鉴定与分类,其中菌株MF2为类节杆菌属(Paenarthrobacter sp.)细菌,MZ1为抗辐射不动杆菌(Acinetobacter radioresistens),MZ2为拟蕈状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus paramycoides).分别考察了菌株的解磷能力和对重金属Cd 2+的耐受性.结果发现:3株细菌的最大解磷能力依次为MF2(72 h,71.76 mg·L^-1)>MZ2(96 h,55.48 mg·L^-1)>MZ1(120 h,5.79 mg·L^-1),对Cd 2+的最大耐受剂量排序为MZ2(100 mg·L^-1)>MZ1(50 mg·L^-1)>MF2(10 mg·L^-1),其中拟蕈状芽孢杆菌MZ2既具有较强的解磷能力,同时对重金属Cd 2+又有较高的耐受性.Using plate coating separation method,3 strains of bacteria were isolated and purified from coal gangue weathered soil(MF)and coal gangue spontaneously weathered soil(MZ)in Fushun West Open-pit Coal Mine,labeled as MF2,MZ1 and MZ2.Using 16S rRNA gene sequence detection,the strains of bacteria were species identified and classified according to bacterial morphology and physiological and biochemical characteristics,of which strain MF2 is Paenarthrobacter sp.,MZ1 is Acinetobacter radioresistens,MZ2 is Bacillus paramycoides.The strains’abilities of phosphate-solubilizing and cadmium tolerance were respectively investigated.The results showed that the maximum phosphate-solubilizing capacity of the three bacteria is MF2(72 h,71.76 mg·L^-1)>MZ2(96 h,55.48 mg·L^-1)>MZ1(120 h,5.79 mg·L^-1),and the maximum tolerated dose of Cd 2+is ranked as MZ2(100 mg·L^-1)>MZ1(50 mg·L^-1)>MF2(10 mg·L^-1).The B.paramycoides MZ2 not only has strong ability to dissolve phosphorus,but also has high tolerance to heavy metal Cd 2+among three strains.

关 键 词：煤矸石自燃风化土 镉污染土壤 可培养微生物 解磷抗镉菌 生物磷肥 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]