转子系统碰磨故障的电机电流特性  

Motor Current Characteristics of Rotor System with Rubbing Fault

作　　者：杨亚东 杨兆建[1,2] 杨波 李峰 YANG Ya-dong;YANG Zhao-jian;YANG Bo;LI Feng(College of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Shanxi Taiyuan 030024,China;Key Laboratory of Fully Mechanized Coal Mining Equipment of Shanxi Province,Shanxi Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学机械工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]煤矿综采装备山西省重点实验室,山西太原030024

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2020年第10期64-70,共7页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金:项目资助(51475318)。

摘　　要：转子系统作为旋转机械装备中重要的动力输出装置,当系统发生碰磨故障时会对整个设备运行状态产生影响,为了利用电机定子电流信号来对转子系统碰磨故障进行诊断,在考虑圆盘质量偏心因素的条件下,建立了转子在碰磨状态下的弯扭耦合振动数学模型,基于库伦摩擦力模型对碰磨力进行求解,再利用拉格朗日方程推导建立了转子系统碰磨弯扭耦合运动微分方程。把电磁扭矩作为纽带,利用MATLAB/Simulink软件建立了三相异步电机-转子系统碰磨机电耦合模型并进行仿真实验。对仿真得到的电流信号进行频谱分析,同时分析振动信号和绘制轴心轨迹用来作为对比验证。仿真结果表明:可以通过监测电机的定子电流的特性来对转子系统的碰磨故障进行诊断,这为转子系统动力学研究与故障诊断提供了新的手段,便于对转子系统故障进行预测从而避免严重事故的发生。Rotor system is a significant power output device in rotary machinery equipment.When a rubbing fault occurs in the system,it will affect the operation of the equipment.In order to use the motor stator current signal to diagnose the rubbing fault of rotor system,considering of the mass eccentricity factor of disk,the mathematical model of the coupled lateral and torsional vibrations of the rotor under rubbing condition was established.The rubbing force was calculated based on the Coulomb friction model.Then the differential equations of bending and torsion coupling motion of the rotor system were derived by using the Lagrange equation.In the MATLAB/Simulink software environment,a rubbing electromechanical coupling model of three-phase asynchronous motor-rotor system was established by using electromagnetic torque as a link.The simulation of the collision was used to simulate the impact abrasion of the rotor system and the frequency spectrum of the current signal was analyzed.The vibration displacement signal was also analyzed and the trajectory of the axis was drawn as a comparison verification.The simulation results show that the stator current of the motor can be used to diagnose the rubbing fault of rotor system,which provides a new method for rotor system dynamics research and fault diagnosis.It is easy to predict the fault of the rotor system to avoid serious accidents.

关 键 词：转子系统 碰磨 弯扭耦合振动 定子电流 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH113.1