对混合泳接力接跳动作的探讨  

Discussion on relay jump in Medley

作　　者：黄光裕 程燕[2] Huang Guangyu;Cheng Yan(Beijing Sport University,48Xinxi Road,Haidian District,Beijing,100084;China Institute of sports science,11 Tiyuguan Road,Dongcheng District,Beijing,100061)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京市100084 [2]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京市100061

出　　处：《游泳》2020年第5期93-96,共4页Swimming

摘　　要：游泳接力比赛胜负差距越来越小,交接棒的好坏对比赛成绩和名次的影响不容忽视。对于混合泳接力而言,泳姿不同导致到边的节奏不同,比自由泳接力更考验运动员对按棒技术和时机的把控。目前国际大赛中,跨步式摆臂技术成为了使用率最高的接跳动作,在它的三种步法中,一步分离摆臂式已取代一步启动摆臂式成为了新时代的主流,被美国等多个世界顶尖接力强国所使用,其原因是一步分离摆臂式利用了前后脚起跳以及起跳器的优势,加上摆臂和上步提高了离台的动能,是目前运动员提升接力成绩.上限最高的接跳动作。但这个技术的难度较高,稳定性也是相对较差的,并非所有运动员采用这种技术都能提高自身的接跳水平。本研究主要采用视频观察法、图像分析法、访谈法针对近两届世锦赛混合泳接力前八名队伍和我国参加2019年世锦赛的混合泳接力主力队员日常训练中的接跳动作进行统计和分析,以此来展示当前国际常用接跳动作的技术特征、优劣性及趋势,并根据自身的情况在比赛中选择合适的接跳动作,进而在接力比赛中获得好成绩。The gap between victory and defeat in swimming relay competition is gening smaller and smaller,and the effect of handover baton the result and rank of the competition can not be ignored.For Medley relay,different strokes lead to different rhythms to the side,which test the skill and timing control of the butt stick more than freestyle relay.At present,in the international competitions,step-by-step swing arm technology has become the most frequently used jump action.Among its three steps,step-by-step split swing arm technology has replaced step-by-step swing arm technology and become the mainstream of the new era.It has been used by many top relay powers in the world,such as the United States.The reason is that step-by-step split swing arm technology has been used before and after.The advantages of foot takeoff and takeoff device,together with swing arm and step,improve the kinetic energy of off-stage.It is the takeoff action with the highest upper limit of lifting relay performance for athletes at present.However,the difficulty and stability of this technique are relatively high,and not all athletes can improve their own jumping level by using this technique.In this study,video observation,image analysis and interview were used to analyze the take-off movements of the top eight medley relay teams in the last two World Championships and the main medley relay players in the 2019 World Champi on ships in China,so as to show the technical characteristics of the common take-off movements in the world.Advantages,disadvantages and trends,and according to their own situation in the competition to choose the appropriate jump action,and then in the relay competition to achieve good results.

关 键 词：混合泳接力 接跳动作 优劣势 技术趋势 

分 类 号：G86[文化科学—体育训练]