2017-2019年广东省珠海市市场外环境禽流感病毒监测分析  

Surveillance for avian influenza virus in environments of farm produce markets in Zhuhai, 2017–2019

作　　者：焦亮[1] 陈泽玲 赵阳阳 林毅雄 周勇[1] Jiao Liang;Chen Zeling;Zhao Yangyang;Lin Yixiong;Zhou Yong(Zhuhai Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhuhai 519000,Guangdong^China)

机构地区：[1]珠海市疾病预防控制中心,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《疾病监测》2020年第8期742-745,共4页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的了解广东省珠海市居民市场外环境样本中禽流感病毒分布状况,分析禽流感病毒污染流行病学特征,为人感染禽流感防控提供数据支持。方法 2017年1月至2019年12月,每年从11月开始至次年5月结束,对珠海市居民市场及禽类批发市场的外环境进行样本采集。采用荧光定量real-time PCR方法,对采集样本进行通用甲型禽流感病毒核酸检测,阳性样本进一步进行H5、H7及H9亚型检测。使用χ2检验对得到的数据进行分析,比较不同时间、地区、场所等方面外环境病毒阳性率差异。结果 2017年1月至2019年12月共采集居民菜肉市场外环境样本2 072份,检出通用甲型禽流感病毒核酸阳性样本916份,阳性率为44.21%。甲型禽流感病毒检出率呈现在11月开始升高到次年2月降低的季节趋势,非限制区样本阳性检出率高于限制区,禽粪便阳性检出率为55.10%高于其他物体表面,H9亚型检出率最高为25.24%,H5亚型检出率为2.46%,H7亚型检出率为1.59%。结论珠海市居民菜肉市场外环境样本中禽流感病毒H9亚型污染比例高,应加强居民市场禽类销售档口外环境消毒,严格落实各项防控措施,保障人民群众生命安全和身体健康。Objective To understand the distribution of avian influenza virus in environment of farm produce markets of Zhuhai, analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of avian influenza virus and provide evidence for the prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza. Methods Samples were collected from the environments of farm produce markets and poultry wholesale markets in Zhuhai during 2017–2019. The annual sampling started in November and finished in May.Fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid of influenza A virus, and the positive samples were further tested for the subtypes of H5, H7 and H9. The differences in the positive rate at different times, areas and places were analyzed with χ2 test. Results A total of 2 072 samples were collected from the environments of the farm produce markets in Zhuhai during 2017–2019, and 916 positive samples of avian influenza A virus were detected(44.21%). The annual detection rate of avian influenza A virus showed an increase trend from November to February. The positive rate of samples in the nonrestricted area was higher than that in the restricted area. The positive rate of bird stool samples was 55.10%, higher than others types of samples, and the detection rate of H9 subtype was highest(25.24%), followed by that of H5 subtype(2.46%) and H7 subtype(1.59%). Conclusion There was a high detection rate of avian influenza A virus H9 subtype in the environmental samples of the farm produce markets in Zhuhai. It is necessary to strengthen the environmental disinfection of poultry stalls in farm produce markets, and strictly implement all the prevention and control measures to protect people’s health.

关 键 词：禽流感 外环境 监测 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R181.8