髓内针与钢板内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折患者的效果比较  

Comparative of Efficacy of Intramedullary Nail and Plate Internal Fixation for Distal Tibia Fracture

作　　者：张成 ZHANG Cheng(The Third People's Hospital of Jinzhou District,Dalian 116103,China)

机构地区：[1]大连市金州区第三人民医院,辽宁大连116103

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2020年第25期79-80,共2页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的比较髓内针与钢板内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折患者的效果。方法选取2019年2月至2020年2月大连市金州区第三人民医院收治的96例胫骨远端骨折患者,根据患者入院病例单双号将其分为两组,每组48例,将单号患者作为试验组,其治疗方法为髓内针,将双号患者作为对照组,其治疗方法为钢板内固定。比较两组患者的手术治疗效果。结果试验组患者治疗优良率明显高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组手术时间短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);而两组骨折愈合时间、完全负重时间、膝关节屈曲角度、膝关节伸直角度、踝关节背屈角度、踝关节跖屈角度比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。试验组患者各种并发症发生率明显低于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论在为胫骨远端骨折患者实施手术治疗的过程中髓内针与钢板内固定均可取得较为理想的治疗效果,其中髓内针的运用可提高手术治疗效果,缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量和术后各种并发症的发生,其治疗效果与安全性相对于钢板内固定来说更为理想。Objective To compare the effects of intramedullary nail and plate internal fixation on patients with distal tibial fractures.Methods A total of 96 patients with distal tibial fractures who were admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Jinzhou District from February 2019 to February 2020 were selected and divided into two groups according to the single and double numbers of the patients admitted to the hospital,with 48 cases in each group.The single-number patients were used as the experimental group,and the treatment method was intramedullary nailing,and the double-number patients were used as the control group,and the treatment method was plate internal fixation.The surgical treatment effects of the two groups of patients were compared.Results The excellent and good rate of treatment in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The operation time of the experimental group was shorter than that of the control group,and the amount of intraoperative blood loss was less than that of the control group.The differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in fracture healing time,full weight bearing time,knee flexion angle,knee extension,straight angle,ankle dorsiflexion angle,and ankle plantarflexion angle(all P>0.05).The incidence of various complications in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion In the process of surgical treatment of patients with distal tibial fractures,both intramedullary nails and plate internal fixation can achieve a relatively ideal therapeutic effect.The use of intramedullary nails can improve the surgical treatment effect,shorten the operation time,and reduce the intraoperative amount of bleeding and the occurrence of various complications,its therapeutic effect and safety are more ideal than plate internal fixation.

关 键 词：胫骨骨折 髓内针 骨折固定术 内 内固定器 并发症 

分 类 号：R683.42[医药卫生—骨科学]