基于计算流体力学的冷藏汽车制冷效果分析  

Refrigeration Effect of Refrigerated Truck Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics

作　　者：李长玉 吕东霖 李细霞 张继华 LI Chang-yu;LYU Dong-lin;LI Xi-xia;ZHANG Ji-hua(School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering,Guangzhou College of South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510800,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学广州学院汽车与交通工程学院,广州510800

出　　处：《包装工程》2020年第19期203-208,共6页Packaging Engineering

基　　金：广东省特色创新项目(自然科学类)(2017KTSCX218);广东省青年创新类人才项目基金(2016KQNCX226)。

摘　　要：目的为了研究冷藏汽车的制冷效果,设计一种冷藏汽车车厢结构及其内部气流导向机构。方法建立该冷藏汽车车厢的三维模型。利用计算流体力学的方法分析该冷藏汽车车厢的制冷效果。比较无间隙一体堆码、有间隙一体堆码、二体堆码、四体堆码等4种堆码方式下冷藏汽车的制冷效果。进一步研究分析四体堆码方式中货物间距对制冷效果的影响。结果为验证文中方法的可靠性,将仿真结果与实验结果进行了对比,得出仿真结果和实验结果平均相对最大误差为5.9%,发现四体堆码方式优于其他方式,四体堆码时车厢平均温度最低,可达−8.2970℃。四体堆码时货物间的间隙超过175 mm时前后端货物温度趋于一致,温度分布均匀度最高。结论采用计算流体力学的方法可定量计算冷藏汽车车厢内温度场,得出的结论对冷藏汽车设计和制冷效果分析具有一定的指导意义。The paper aims to study the refrigeration effect of refrigerated truck and design a compartment structure and internal air flow guide mechanism of refrigerated truck.A three-dimensional model of the refrigerated truck was established.The refrigeration effect of the refrigerated truck carriage was analyzed by computational fluid dynamics(CFD).The refrigeration effects of four cargo stacking modes(gapless one body stacking,gapped one body stacking,two body stacking and four body stacking)of refrigerated vehicles were compared to further analyze the influence of cargo clearance in four body stacking mode on the refrigeration effect.To verify the reliability of this method,the simulation results were compared with the experimental results.The average relative maximum error between simulation results and experimental results was 5.9%.It was found that the four body stacking method was better than other methods,and the average compartment temperature of the four body stacking mode was the lowest,which was up to-8.2970℃.When the cargo clearance was more than 175 mm,the temperature of the front and rear goods tended to be the same,and the temperature distribution uniformity was the highest.The method of computational fluid dynamics adopted in this paper can be used to calculate the temperature field in the compartment of refrigerated truck quantitatively,and the conclusions obtained have certain guiding significance for the design of refrigerated truck and the analysis of refrigeration effect.

关 键 词：冷藏汽车 制冷效果 温度场 堆码方式 

分 类 号：TB485.3[一般工业技术—包装工程]