“内卷化”外的建构叙事:资源下乡与文化网络重构  

Constructive Narrative Outside“Involution”:Resources Going to the Countryside and Cultural Network Reconstruction

作　　者：张良[1] 冷向明[2] ZHANG Liang;LENG Xiangming

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院,上海200237 [2]华中师范大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期76-86,共11页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：华中师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目“城市治理与公共政策”青年学术创新团队(CCNU19TD005);马克思主义理论研究和建设工程特别委托项目“基层群众自治制度研究”(2020MYB050)。

摘　　要：国家资源输入村庄建构了村庄的整合秩序,但是当下乡村治理“内卷化”困境的机制解释路径,无法合理解释这一建构性的实践经验。本文建构“资源-文化网络”的概念框架,通过个案追踪研究后发现资源下乡重构了文化网络,成为一股建构性的力量来整合村庄秩序。这一过程内含四种作用机制:(1)互动机制,资源下乡带动村民成立自发组织,并进行组织网络互动,提高政治参与积极性,促进政治机构完善;(2)激励机制,物质激励赋予传统村规民约以新内涵,激发居民参与自治,非物质激励带动非体制精英发挥乡贤作用,回馈乡里;(3)动员机制,资源输入形塑村庄强社会关联,提升内聚力,集体动员抵御外部破坏性力量;(4)责任机制,村庄共同体的公共权威人物,在平等与公平的价值规范约束下,进行普惠与照顾的目标权衡。这一研究在理论上弥补了“权力的文化网络”在国家输入资源变量、村庄与村民自下而上反应以及未来取向维度缺失的不足。在政策上为“建构自治、法治、德治相结合的乡村治理体系”提供了充分依据。The importation of national resources into villages has established the integrated order of villages,but the current path of mechanism explanation for the dilemma of“involution”of rural governance cannot reasonably explain this constructive practical experience.With the construction of a conceptual framework of“resources-cultural network”through case study,it is found that the resources going to the countryside help reconstruct the cultural network and become a constructive force to integrate the village order.This process contains four types of action mechanisms:interaction mechanisms,under which resources go to the countryside to drive villagers to set up spontaneous organizations,and villagers interact through the organizational network to enhance the enthusiasm of political participation and improve the political institutions;Incentive mechanism,under which material incentives give traditional village rules a new connotation to encourage residents to participate in self-governance,and non-material incentives drive non-institutional elites to play the role of rural sages and give back to the village;Mobilization mechanism,under which the input of resource shapes the village's strong social connection,enhances cohesion,and forms a collective mobilization to resist external destructive forces;Responsibility mechanism,under which the public authority figure in the village community strives to balance the value consensus of equality and fairness based on the responsibility requirements,and achieves the dual goals of inclusiveness and care.At the theoretical level,this research makes up for the lack of“cultural network of power”in the absence of state input resource variables,lack of bottom-up responses from villages and villagers,and lack of future orientation dimensions.In terms of policy,it provides a reasonable basis for building a rural governance system combining autonomy,rule of law,and rule of virtue.

关 键 词：资源下乡 内卷化 资源-文化网络 整合秩序 

分 类 号：C912.82[经济管理]