2008-2017年全国肺结核发病的时空分布特征分析  

Spatial and temporal distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis in China,2008-2017

作　　者：刘家起 姜婧 王亮 高晶晶 韩松 张莹 LIU Jia-qi;JIANG Jing;WANG Liang;GAO Jing-jing;HAN Song;ZHANG Ying(Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Shenyang Medical College Shenyang,Shenyang,Liaoning 110034,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳医学院公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第19期3461-3464,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(71503175);2017年度辽宁省高校创新人才项目(LR2016012);辽宁省科技厅重点研发项目(2019JH8/10300052)。

摘　　要：目的探讨2008-2017年我国肺结核发病的流行趋势及时空分布特征,为探索我国结核病发病高危区域,合理制定疾病防控策略和措施提供理论依据。方法收集2008-2017年全国31个省份(直辖市、自治区)报告的肺结核发病资料,结合中国矢量化省界电子地图,应用空间自相关和时空扫描分析等方法,研究肺结核病的时空分布特征。结果2008-2017年我国肺结核发病率总体呈逐年下降趋势,肺结核发病分布存在着明显的全局空间正相关性(Moran’s I>0,P<0.05),西部地区高于东部地区,其中新疆、西藏、青海等中西部地区为高-高聚集模式地区(P<0.05),北京、江苏和河北为低-低聚集模式地区(P<0.05)。结论从全国范围来看,我国肺结核发病存在着明显的空间聚集性,应针对近年来疾病出现高发的中西部地区,适当增加结核病防控方面的卫生资源配置和健康教育宣传力度,综合制定区域性结核病防控策略。Objective To explore the trend and spatial-temporaldistribution characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in China from 2008 to 2017,so as to provide theoretical basis for exploring the high-risk areas of pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in China and reasonably formulating prevention-control strategies and measures of disease.Methods Data of pulmonary tuberculosis incidence from 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in China from 2008 to 2017 were collected.Spatial autocorrelation and tempo-spatial scanning analysis were adopted to analyze the tempo-spatial distribution characteristics of tuberculosis based on vectoring digital map of the province.Results Incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in China has been decreasing year by year from 2008 to 2017,and there was a positive global spatial correlation in the distribution(Moran’s I>0,P<0.05).Xinjiang,Tibet and Qinghai were high-high gathering regions(P<0.05).Beijing,Jiangsu and Hebei were low-low gathering regions(P<0.05).Conclusion Pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in China has obvious spatial centralization from the perspective of the countrywide.In recent years,it’s necessary to appropriately increase health resources’allocation and education’s propaganda in preventing tuberculosis in the mid-west with high incidence,and comprehensively formulate regional prevention-control strategies of tuberculosis.

关 键 词：肺结核 空间流行病学 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R521[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]