中山市2013-2019年麻疹监测及危险因素分析  

Surveillance data and risk factors of measles in Zhongshan,2013-2019

作　　者：陈小红[1] 王翠玲[1] 吕海英[1] 蔡乾春[1] CHEN Xiao-hong;WANG Cui-ling;LV Hai-ying;CAI Qian-chun(Zhongshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong 528400,China)

机构地区：[1]中山市疾病预防控制中心,广东中山528400

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第19期3475-3478,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析中山市麻疹监测资料,探讨儿童麻疹发病的危险因素。方法对中山市2013-2019年麻疹监测资料进行描述性分析,采用病例对照研究探讨儿童麻疹发病的危险因素。结果除2016年和2017年排除麻疹风疹病例报告发病率不达标外,中山市2013-2019年麻疹监测系统运转指标均达到2014年版《全国麻疹监测方案》的要求。中山市2013-2019年累计报告840例麻疹,平均发病率为3.7/10万。男女性别比为1.5:1;3-9月病例占86.9%。发病年龄集中于5岁以下儿童和15~44岁青壮年。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄<5岁(OR=8.49,95%CI:5.41~13.34)、流动儿童(OR=1.62,95%CI:1.20~2.17)、发病前7~21天有医院就诊史(OR=3.15,95%CI:2.27~4.37)、无含麻疹成分疫苗(Measles containing vaccine,MCV)、免疫史(OR=6.69,95%CI:3.80~11.76)是<15岁儿童麻疹发病的危险因素。结论中山市麻疹监测系统运转情况良好;中山市2013-2019年麻疹发病率呈下降趋势。建议加强儿童尤其是流动儿童的MCV接种和青壮年聚集的集体单位的麻疹监测工作,进一步降低麻疹发病率。Objective To analyze the surveillance data of measles and explore the risk factors for measles among children in Zhongshan.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the surveillance data of measles during 2013-2019,and a case-control study was conducted to explore risk factors for measles among children.Results Except for the incidence of reported non-measles/rubella in 2016 and 2017,all of the running indexes of the measles surveillance system in Zhongshan during 2013-2019 met the requirements of the National Measles Surveillance Guidelines updated in 2014.In total,840 measles cases were reported in Zhongshan during 2013-2019,and the incidence of measles was 3.7 per 100000 population.The male to female ratio was 1.5∶1,and 86.9%of cases occurred from March to September.The measles cases were mainly children under 5 years old and young adults aged 5-44 years.Logistic regression showed that children under 5 years old(OR=8.49,95%CI:5.41-13.34),migrant children(OR=1.62,95%CI:1.20-2.17),children who had been to hospitals(OR=3.15,95%CI:2.27-4.37),and children who had not been vaccinated with measles containing vaccine(MCV)(OR=6.69,95%CI:3.80-11.76)were risk factors associated with measles in<15-year-old children.Conclusion The measles surveillance system performance is good in Zhongshan.The incidence of measles decreases significantly during 2013-2019.We should strengthen timely MCV vaccination of children and measles surveillance in collective units of young and middle-aged people to reduce measles incidence.

关 键 词：麻疹 流行病学特征 危险因素 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R511.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]