长江口海域风浪场的计算与特征分析  

Calculation and characteristic analyses of wind wave fields in the Yangtze Estuary

作　　者：耿浩博 张洪生 洪杨彬 胡国栋 GENG Haobo;ZHANG Hongsheng;HONG Yangbin;HU Guodong(Ocean Science and Engineering College,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China;Zhejiang Shengzhou Water and Hydropower Bureau,Shengzhou 312400,China;Yangtze Estuary Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Shanghai 200136,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学海洋科学与工程学院,上海201306 [2]浙江省嵊州市水利水电局,浙江嵊州312400 [3]长江水利委员会长江口水文水资源勘测局,上海200136

出　　处：《水利水运工程学报》2020年第5期48-56,共9页Hydro-Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51679132,51079082);上海市地方高校基地能力建设项目(17040501600)。

摘　　要：以ECMWF数据资料为输入风场,以ETOPO1地形数据和实测水深资料相结合得到计算水深,通过WAVEWATCH Ⅲ和SWAN模型嵌套数值模拟了长江口海域1996-2015年连续20年的风浪场。为了在保证计算精度的同时提高计算效率,通过台风和寒潮期间显著波高的比较进行敏感性分析,选取合适的计算范围和计算网格。与观测数据进行比较,发现显著波高计算值的变化趋势与观测结果一致,两者的相关系数为0.82。为了使模拟结果更接近实际,基于观测的波高,给出了具有代表性点位显著波高的修正式。根据风场数据资料和修正后的显著波高进行了风场和风浪场的特征统计分析,风浪特性分析的结果既体现了季节的影响,又体现了地形的影响。The wind wave field near the Yangtze Estuary for 20 years(from 1996 to 2015) is simulated with SWAN nested in WAVEWATCH Ⅲ, based on the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) wind field data and combining the 1 Minute Gridded Global Relief Data Collection(ETOPO1) with the measured data as the calculated water depth. To simulate the wind waves precisely and improve the calculation efficiency, the sensitivity analyses of calculated significant wave heights during a typhoon and a cold wave are made so that the proper calculation domains and grid mesh types are selected. Comparing with the measured data, the variation tendency of calculated significant wave heights is in agreement with that of observed ones, and the correlation coefficient is 0.82. In order to make the calculated wave heights more correspond to the actual ones, the formula for modifying the significant wave heights at the representative point is provided. The wind and wave characteristics are analyzed statistically on the basis of the wind data and the modified significant wave heights. The results reflect the effects of both season and terrain effectively.

关 键 词：风浪场 海浪模型 长江口 修正公式 统计分析 

分 类 号：P731[天文地球—海洋科学]