大鲵MC1R基因的克隆、序列分析与表达研究  

Cloning and Expression Analysis of MC1R in Different Skin Color Phenotypes in Giant Salamanders(Andrias davidianus)

作　　者：邓捷[1] 卫小燕 张晗 马红英 王启军[1] 赵虎[1] 张红星[1] 姜维[1] DENG Jie;WEI Xiao-yan;ZHANG Han;MA Hong-ying;WANG Qi-jun;ZHAO Hu;ZHANG Hong-xing;JIANG Wei(Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation,Shaanxi Institute of Zoology,Xi’an 710032,China;Lishan Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Station, Xi’an 710600,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省动物研究所,陕西省秦岭珍稀濒危动物保育重点实验室,陕西西安710032 [2]西安市临潼区骊山畜牧兽医站,陕西西安710600

出　　处：《河北渔业》2020年第10期24-29,34,共7页

基　　金：陕西省科学院科技计划项目“大鲵体色性状相关基因克隆表达、序列特征及SNP分析”(2014K-19);陕西省科学院重点项目“秦巴山区大鲵种质资源调查与遗传多样性分析”(2015K-03)。

摘　　要：为研究MC1R在两栖动物体色形成中的作用,试验结合转录组分析和电子克隆技术得到大鲵(Andrias davidianus)MC1R部分cDNA序列并进行了生物信息学分析,采用实时荧光定量法检测了大鲵MC1R基因在皮肤、肝脏等10个组织中的表达情况及4种不同体色大鲵皮肤组织中MC1R基因的表达量。结果表明:得到大鲵MC1R部分cDNA长为295 bp,位于该基因编码区。其与人、小鼠等哺乳动物和鸟类MC1R核苷酸同源性在57%~83%。大鲵MC1R基因与粗皮渍螈的亲缘关系最近。该基因在不同组织中均有表达,以皮肤组织表达量最高。4种不同体色大鲵皮肤组织中,黑色皮肤中MC1R基因表达量高于其他体色。说明大鲵MC1R基因在体色形成过程中可能具有与其他两栖动物不同的调控机制。To investigate the relationship between MC1R gene and skin color formation of amphibians,the giant salamander(Andrias davidianus)MC1R gene were cloned and sequence characteristics were analyzed using bioinformatics tools.Meanwhile,by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR),expression patterns of MC1R gene in ten different tissues and in four types of skin color phenotypes were detected.The obtained MC1R cDNA were 295 bp long.Multiple sequence alignment indicated the giant salamander MC1R had a high nucleotides similarity with amphibians and reptiles,and it had low similarity with mammalian and bird.These results were further confirmed by phylogenetic tree analysis.Quantitative analysis showed that MC1R mRNA expressed in all tissues in giant salamander,among which the maximum level expression were founded in skin.Besides,MC1R mRNA displayed a higher expression in the melanic skin than other colour phenotypes.The distinctive sequence characteristics and expression pattern suggested that there might be different regulatory mechanism of MC1R gene in skin color formation in giant salamander compare with other species.

关 键 词：大鲵(Andrias davidianus) 体色 黑色素 黑皮质素受体-1(Melanocortin-1 receptor MC1R)基因 表达 

分 类 号：Q959.9[生物学—动物学] Q78