金沟岭林场两种天然起源的杨桦次生林空间结构特征  

Spatial Structure of Two Natural Origin Poplar-Birch Secondary Forests in Jingouling Forest Farm

作　　者：和敬渊 王新杰[1] 郭韦韦[1] 刘丽[1] 柴雷 王福增 He Jingyuan;Wang Xinjie;Guo Weiwei;Liu Li;Chai Lei;Wang Fuzeng(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China;Jingouling Forest Farm,Wangqing Forestry Bureau)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]汪清林业局金沟岭林场

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2020年第9期1-7,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2017YFC050410101)。

摘　　要：以吉林省金沟岭林场两种天然起源的杨桦次生林为研究对象,在两种天然起源的杨桦次生林内各设置3块30 m×30 m的样地,进行每木调查和空间定位,采用角尺度(W)、大小比数(U)与混交度(M)等空间结构参数对其树种结构及空间结构进行分析。结果表明:(1)起源Ⅰ包含乔木树种15种,优势树种为水曲柳、山杨和白桦;起源Ⅱ包含乔木树种11种,优势树种为白桦、山杨和紫椴。(2)起源Ⅰ角尺度平均值为0.5593,大小比数平均值为0.4896,混交度平均值为0.6530;起源Ⅱ角尺度平均值为0.5585,大小比数平均值为0.5016,混交度平均值为0.6213。两种天然起源林分空间分布格局整体呈聚集分布,林木处于中庸生长状态,混交度介于中度~强度混交。(3)起源Ⅰ的优势树种水曲柳和起源Ⅱ的优势树种紫椴,处于各混交状态和各生长状态的林木个体比例相近;而两种天然起源的共有优势树种山杨和白桦以强度和极强度混交为主,山杨在两种天然起源中均以优势生长为主,白桦在起源Ⅰ中各生长状态林木个体比例相近,在起源Ⅱ中以优势生长为主。(4)起源Ⅰ和起源Ⅱ的林分空间结构指数分别为0.6648和0.6491,起源Ⅰ和起源Ⅱ的林分空间结构距离分别为0.6030和0.6312,起源Ⅰ的空间结构优于起源Ⅱ,二者在描述空间结构特征上具有较强的一致性。因此,从样地水平和林木水平分析林分空间结构,为开展合理的择伐作业,使林分逐渐向均匀分布状态过渡,伐除病腐木等劣势生长状态林木,维持林分合理的混交状况具有重要作用。Taking two kinds of poplar-birch secondary forests of natural origin in Jingouling Forest Farm of Jilin Province as the research object,three plots of 30 m×30 m were set up in each of the two natural secondary forests,and each tree was investigated and positioned.The spatial structure parameters such as uniform angle index(W),neighborhood comparison(U)and mingling degree(M)were used to analyze the tree species structure and spatial structure.The main results are as follows:(1)OriginⅠincludes 15 tree species,and the dominant species are Fraxinus mandshurica,Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla.OriginⅡincludes 11 tree species,and the dominant species are B.platyphylla,P.davidiana and Tilia amurensis.(2)OriginⅡhas an average angle index of 0.5593,average neighborhood comparison value of 0.4896,and average mingling value of 0.6530;originⅡhas an average angle index of 0.5585,average neighborhood comparison value of 0.5016,and average mingling value of 0.6213.The two kinds of natural origin stands are of aggregative distribution,the state of each stand belongs to medium,and they are well mixed.(3)F.mandshurica,the dominant tree species of originⅠ,and T.amurensis,the dominant tree species of origin II,are in the similar proportion of individual trees in each mixed state and each growing state.P.davidiana and B.platyphylla,the common dominant tree species of two kinds of natural origin,are mainly well mixed.P.davidiana are mainly in dominant growth in the two natural origins.B.platyphylla has similar proportion of individual trees in different growth states in origin I,while mainly dominant growth in origin II.(4)The forest spatial structure index of OriginⅠand OriginⅡis 0.6648 and 0.6491,respectively,and the forest spatial structure distance is 0.6030 and 0.6312,respectively.The spatial structure of origin I is better than that of origin II.They have a strong consistency in describing the characteristics of spatial structure.Therefore,it is very important to analyze the stand spatial structure from th

关 键 词：杨桦次生林 天然起源 重要值 林分空间结构 

分 类 号：S718.542[农业科学—林学]