喀斯特自然土壤中AM真菌对先锋植物根系的影响  

Effect of AM Fungi in Karst Natural Soil on Root of Pioneer Plants

作　　者：韩勖 蒋长洪 何跃军[1] 徐鑫洋 方正圆 谭淇毓 夏婷婷 亢丽玲 申开平 HAN Xu;JIANG Changhong;HE Yuejun;XU Xinyang;FANG Zhengyuan;TAN Qiyu;XIA Tingting;KANG Liling;SHEN Kaiping(Forest Ecology Research Center,Forestry College,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025;Guiyang Urban Greening Management Office,Guiyang 550003,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院森林生态研究中心,贵阳550025 [2]贵阳市城市绿化管理处,贵阳550003

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第4期132-139,共8页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31660156,No.31360106);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合NY[2014]3029号;黔科合[2016]2805号);贵州省科技计划项目—贵州大学重点培育项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5781号;黔科合平台人才[2017]5788号);贵州省高层次创新人才"百层次人才"计划(黔科合平台人才[2020]6004);贵州省生态学重点学科建设项目(黔学位合字ZDXK[2016]7号)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究丛枝菌根(Arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM)真菌在喀斯特自然土壤条件下对喀斯特先锋草本植物根系的影响。【方法】通过自然土接种AM真菌(N)、灭菌土接种AM真菌(M)及灭菌土壤对照(S)共3种土壤处理,种植喀斯特先锋植物狗尾草(Setaria viridis)、荩草(Arthraxon hispidus)、鬼针草(Bidens pilosa)及狼杷草(Bidens tripartita),并测定它们的根系生物量、根长、根表面积、根体积、根平均直径、根尖数及根分枝数。【结果】荩草、鬼针草及狼杷草在N处理及M处理下具有较高的菌根侵染率,狗尾草的菌根侵染率较低。与S处理相比,M处理下AM真菌明显提高了荩草、鬼针草及狼杷草的根系生物量、根长、根表面积、根体积、根尖数、根分枝数及组织密度,降低了根平均直径、比根长、比根面积及比根体积;与M处理相比,N处理明显降低了荩草、鬼针草及狼杷草的根系生物量、根长、根表面积、根体积、根尖数、根分枝数及组织密度,提高了比根长、比根面积及比根体积,但对根平均直径无明显影响。【结论】荩草、鬼针草及狼杷草具有较高菌根侵染率,能与AM真菌共生获得更加发达的根系,而自然土壤削弱了AM真菌对荩草、鬼针草及狼杷草根系生长的促进作用。[Purposes]To investigate the effects of AM fungi on root of pioneer herbaceous plants in karst natural soil conditions.[Methods]Three soil treatments were established:natural soil inoculated with Glomus etunicatumtreatment(N),sterilized soil inoculated with G.etunicatumtreatment(M)and sterilized soil without G.etunicatumtreatment(S),and root biomass,root length,root surface area,root volume,average diameter,number of root tips and branches were measured.[Findings]Arthraxon hispidus,Bidens pilosa,and Bidens tripartita had higher mycorrhizal colonization infection rate under N and M treatments,while Setaria viridis had lower infection rate.Compared with S treatment,AM fungi significantly increased biomass,root length,surface area,root volume,root tip number,branch number and tissue density of A.hispidus,B.pilosa,and B.tripartita,and decreased average diameter,specific root length,specific root area and specific root volume.Compared with M treatment,N treatment significantly reduced the biomass,root length,surface area,root volume,root tip number,branch number,and tissue density of A.hispidus,B.pilosa,and B.tripartita,increased specific root length,specific root area and specific root volume,but had no significant effect on the average root diameter.[Conclusions]A.hispidus,B.pilosa,and B.tripartite had higher mycorrhizal infection rates and can coexist with AM fungi to obtain more developed roots.However,the natural soil reduced the promotion of AM fungi on the root system growth of A.hispidus,B.pilosa,and B.tripartite.

关 键 词：丛枝菌根 先锋植物 根系形态 喀斯特 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]