四川省新型冠状病毒肺炎无症状感染者流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of asymptomatic infections of novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19),Sichuan

作　　者：黄小梅[1,3] 黄婷 袁珩[2] 程秀伟[2] 周丽君[2] 李敏[3] 文桂欢 王小娟 毛素玲 HUANG Xiao-mei;HUANG Ting;YUAN Heng;CHENG Xiu-wei;ZHOU Li-jun;LI Min;WEN Gui-huan;WANG Xiao-juan;MAO Su-ling(Panzhihua Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Panzhihua,Sichuan 617067,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]攀枝花市疾病预防控制中心,四川攀枝花617067 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041 [3]四川省第三期现场流行病学培训项目班,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第18期3279-3283,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：四川省应对新型冠状病毒科技攻关应急项目(2020YFS0015)。

摘　　要：目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎无症状感染者的流行病学特征及其传染性,防止疫情反弹,提出防控建议。方法收集无症状感染者个案资料和流调报告,采用描述和分析流行病学方法分析。结果四川省现有108例无症状感染者,其主要发现方式为密切接触者筛查、社区筛查和国际交通检疫。无症状感染者的时间分布高峰晚于确诊病例,早期以境内输入和本地感染者为主,后期以输入感染者为主;平均年龄(33.20±17.50)岁,小于确诊病例平均年龄(44.38±16.41)岁(t=-5.29,P<0.05),50岁以下的无症状感染者占比(79.63%)高于确诊病例(67.90%)(χ~2=5.96,P<0.05);无症状感染者职业构成与确诊病例构成不同(χ~2=46.67,P<0.05),学生及幼托儿童占比高于确诊病例(χ~2=31.26,P<0.05)。其中4例输入无症状感染者引起了本地病例传播,4起传播链二代续发率最高为50.00%。4起传播链的总体感染率为5.45%(9/165)。结论本省无症状感染者以青壮年居多,且具有传染性,及时对高人群和密切接触人员的筛查,对发现无症状感染者,控制新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情反弹有重要意义。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and infectivity of COVID-19 asymptomatic infections,to prevent the epidemic from rebounding,and to make prevention and control recommendations.Methods Asymptomatic infections’case data and flow report were collected,and descriptive and analytical epidemiological methods were used to analyze.Results There were 108 asymptomatic infections in Sichuan.The main methods of detection were close contact screening,community screening and international traffic quarantine.The peak time distribution of asymptomatic infections was later than the confirmed cases.In the early stage,cases were imported and local infected people,and later was imported infection.The average age was 33.20 years,which was less than the average age of diagnosed cases with 44.38 years(t=5.29,P<0.05),and the proportion of asymptomatic infections under the age of 50(79.63%)was higher than that of confirmed cases(67.90%)(χ~2=5.96,P<0.05).The occupational composition of asymptomatic infections was different from that of diagnosed cases(χ~2=46.67,P<0.05),and the proportion of students and nursery children was higher than that of diagnosed cases(χ~2=31.26,P<0.05).Among them,4 cases of imported asymptomatic infections caused local case transmission,and the highest rate of second-generation recurrence in 4 transmission chains was 50.00%.The overall infection rate of the 4 transmission chains was 5.45%(9/165).Conclusion Most of the asymptomatic infections in this province are young and middle-aged,and they are all infectious.The timely screening of high risk population and people in close contact is of great significance for the detection of asymptomatic infected people and the control of the rebound of COVID-19.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 无症状感染者 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]