车用燃料电池发动机引射器优化设计  

Optimal Design of Ejector for Fuel Cell Engine

作　　者：贠海涛 胡帅 李正辉 魏永琪 YUN Hai-tao;HU Shuai;LI Zheng-hui;WEI Yong-qi(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东青岛266520

出　　处：《哈尔滨理工大学学报》2020年第4期19-26,共8页Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51205215);山东自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2019MEE089);山东省重点研发计划项目(2018GGX103030)。

摘　　要：针对引射器在车用燃料电池发动机中的应用问题,通过对40 kw级质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)阳极压降实验数据的拟合,得到了阳极压降与电流的关系表达式,利用计算流体力学(CFD)方法建立了阳极氢气循环系统三维引射器数值模型,并用实验数据对模型进行了验证,最后将拟合得到的阳极压降表达式应用于模型的仿真优化中,衡量了引射器在中低负载和高负载工况下的性能表现,确定了喷嘴喉部直径、混合室直径、混合室长度以及喷嘴出口相对混合室入口距离的最优值。仿真结果表明:与恒定压降模型相比,建立的引射器模型可以更准确的评估引射器在整个工况下的工作性能,同时在所研究的运行工况下,优化后的引射器可以维持氢气回流比在1.2以上。Aiming at the application of the ejector in the fuel cell engine for vehicles,by fitting the experimental data of anode pressure drop of 40kw-level proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC),the relationship expression between anode pressure drop and current was obtained.The three-dimensional ejector numerical model of anode hydrogen circulation system was established by the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method,whose accuracy is verified by the experimental data.Finally,the fitted anode pressure drop expression is applied to the simulation optimization of the model.The performance of the ejector under the whole operating range of the target system was measured,and the optimum values of main sizes is determined,including nozzle throat diameter,mixing chamber diameter,mixing chamber length,and the nozzle position relative to the mixing section.The simulation results show that,compared with the constant pressure drop model,the ejector model established in this paper can more accurately evaluate the operating performance of the ejector under the entire operating conditions,and at the same time,the optimized ejector under the studied operating conditions can maintain the hydrogen recirculation ratio above 1.2.

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池 阳极压降 引射器 仿真优化 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]