Q235钢水下湿法手工自蔓延焊接探索性研究  

Research on the underwater wet manual SHS welding of Q235 steel

作　　者：李志尊 孙立明 韩校粉 韩凤起 LI Zhizun;SUN Liming;HAN Xiaofen;HAN Fengqi(Department of Vehicle and Electrical Engineering,Shijiazhuang Campus,Army Engineering University,Shijiazhuang 050003,China;Department of Intelligent Manufacturing,Hebei College of Industry and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050091,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军工程大学石家庄校区车辆与电气工程系,河北石家庄050003 [2]河北工业职业技术学院智能制造学院,河北石家庄050091

出　　处：《兵器材料科学与工程》2020年第5期65-70,共6页Ordnance Material Science and Engineering

基　　金：军内科研项目(012016012600B12508)。

摘　　要：针对水下应急焊接需求,开展水下湿法手工自蔓延焊接试验,研究燃烧型焊条在水中燃烧的特点和焊接质量。结果表明:燃烧型焊条在水中能自维持燃烧反应,但焊接热量和熔池温度明显降低,冷却速度明显高于陆地焊接,水下手工自蔓延焊接易出现焊偏、焊缝不连续、无法焊透等现象及夹杂、气孔等缺陷,金属熔敷率明显低于陆地焊接;水下焊接焊缝合金显微组织与陆地焊接相同,以α-Cu固溶体为基体,其上有序分布块状富Fe第二相,但析出相较细小、分散,且存在较多微观气孔和夹杂,熔敷金属中扩散氢含量明显高于陆地焊接;水下湿法手工自蔓延焊接具有可行性,但必须满足反应热量高、保护熔池、减缓熔池和焊缝冷却等基本要求,并克服盲焊影响。For the requirements of underwater emergency maintenance,tests of underwater wet welding based on self-propagating high-temperature synthesis(abbreviated to SHS)were carried out and the combusting characteristics of the combustion rod in water and the welding quality were studied. The results show that the combustion rod can self-maintain combustion reaction in the water,but its welding heat and the temperature of the molten pool drop obviously. The cooling rate of weld underwater is much higher than that in air. The weld misalignment,discontinuous weld bead and lack of fusion often occur in underwater wet manual SHS welding. There are many weld defects such as inclusions and porosities in the weld metal. The metal deposition rate underwater welding is obviously lower than that in land welding. Microstructure analysis shows that the matrix of weld metal in underwater welding is α-Cu solid solution,decorated by orderly distributing massive second phase,which was as same as that in land welding. But the precipitated phase was relatively fine and dispersive,with many micro-inclusions and porosities in it. The content of diffusion hydrogen in the melt metal is much higher than that in land welding. The research results show that underwater wet manual SHS welding is feasible,but some basic requirements must be met,such as high reaction heat,protecting molten pool,slowing down the cooling rate of the molten pool and weld bead. Besides the problems of blind welding underwater must be solved.

关 键 词：水下湿法焊接 自蔓延焊接 燃烧型焊条 Q235钢 

分 类 号：TG456.5[金属学及工艺—焊接]