人工培育四指马鲅鳃组织结构及其早期发育  

Structure and early development of gill tissue in artificially cultured Eleutheronema tetradactylum

作　　者：牛莹月 区又君[1] 蓝军南 温久福[1] 李加儿[1] 李俊伟[1] 周慧[1] NIU Yingyue;OU Youjun;LAN Junnan;WEN Jiufu;LI Jia'er;LI Junwei;ZHOU Hui(South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation&Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510300,China;Shanghai Ocean University/Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education/National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education/Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室/水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心/海洋动物系统分类与进化上海高校重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2020年第5期108-114,共7页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项(2018YFD0900200);广东省现代农业产业技术体系海水鱼产业创新项目(2019KJ143);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金(2020TD55);广东省省级乡村战略专项资金项目。

摘　　要：采用组织切片和透射电镜技术对人工培育四指马鲅(Eleutheronema tetradactylum)鳃结构及其早期(1—35日龄)发育进行观察。结果显示,鳃耙列齿状,鳃丝梳状排列在鳃弓上,鳃小片排列在鳃丝两边。透射电镜下鳃小片主要由线粒体丰富细胞(Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型)、扁平上皮细胞、柱细胞、血细胞、黏液细胞和未分化细胞组成。四指马鲅鳃早期发育显示,1日龄鳃原基形成;3日龄出现鳃弓,有扁平上皮细胞和血细胞;5日龄出现鳃小片,鳃小片上有柱细胞,基部有线粒体丰富细胞;18日龄鳃小片增多,鳃结构完善;35日龄鳃结构基本和成鱼一致。根据发育特点将其分为3个阶段:第1阶段(0-3日龄)为原基期,鳃原基形成但未分化,仔鱼主要靠鳍褶、皮肤和卵黄囊上的微血管进行呼吸;第2阶段(4-17日龄)为鳃结构分化、发育期,鳃耙、鳃弓、鳃丝、鳃小片逐渐形成,具备鳃基本的结构特点;第3阶段(18—35日龄)为鳃结构完善期,鳃组织发育主要体现在数量和形状的变化。We investigated the structure and early development of gill tissue in artificially cultured Eleutheronema tetradactylum[1−35 d after hatching(DAH)]by histological section technique and transmission electron microscopy.The results show that the gill rakers were prick-shaped;the primary lamella on the gill arch were in a comb-like pattern;and the secondary gill lamella were evenly arranged on both sides of the primary lamella.The transmission electron microscopy shows that the secondary lamella consisted of mitochondria-rich cells(two types)pavement cells,pillar cells,blood cells,mucous cells and non-differentiated cells.According to the early development,the gill-primordia appeared on 1 DAH;the primitive gill arch appeared on 3 DAH,containing pavement cells and blood cells;the secondary gill lamella appeared on 5 DAH,and the pillar cells were on the secondary gill lamella;there were scattered mitochondria-rich cells at the base of the secondary lamella which increased and whose structure was basically formed on 18 DAH;the gill structure was basically identical to the adult fish on 35 DAH.The development could be divided into three stages:Stage I was organ-primordium formation(0−3 DAH).During this stage,the gill-primordia formed but undifferentiated,and the respiration was primarily via the finfold,skin and microvascular surface of yolk-sac.Stage II was characterized by differentiation and development of gill filaments(4−17 DAH).During this stage,the gill arches,filaments,secondary gill lamella and gill rakers developed gradually and the basic structure and morphology of the gill were established.During Stage III(18−35 DAH),the gill development was mainly the change in number and shape.

关 键 词：四指马鲅 鳃 早期发育 组织学 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]