偏心轮式抽油机设计与动力性能分析  

Design and Dynamic Performance Analysis of Eccentric Wheel Pumping Unit

作　　者：邵军 胡国栋 王德伟[2] Shao Jun;Hu Guodong;Wang Dewei(Mechanical Engineering College,Xi’an Shiyou University;Jinzhou Oil Production Plant of PetroChina Liaohe Oilfield Company)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学机械工程学院 [2]中国石油辽河油田公司锦州采油厂

出　　处：《石油机械》2020年第10期117-122,共6页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：工信部项目(工信部联装[2016]24号);西安石油大学研究生创新与实践能力培养计划资助项目“偏心轮式抽油机的设计”(YCS19222029)。

摘　　要：较大极位夹角的导杆型抽油机有益于低产井的开采,齿轮-齿条换向能使传动更加平稳。为此,设计了一种新型节能的偏心轮式抽油机。该抽油机采用齿轮-齿条进行换向,具有较大的极位夹角,可以改变抽油机的运动特性,从而适用不同井况的油井。阐述了偏心轮式抽油机的结构、工作原理及关键技术,分析了该抽油机的运动和动力性能,采用基点法建立了抽油机的运动和动力特性模型,并仿真其运动规律。在相同工况下,将偏心轮式抽油机与5型常规抽油机的性能进行对比。研究结果表明:该抽油机在下冲程耗时短,上冲程耗时较长且平缓,上冲程悬点载荷稳定;偏心轮式抽油机净扭矩曲线比5型常规抽油机扭矩曲线平缓,电机功率从11.30 kW减小到9.99 kW,载荷不均匀系数为1.11,更趋近于1。偏心轮式抽油机具有性能优越以及能耗较低等优点,在低产井或非常规井中具有广阔的应用前景。The guide rod pumping unit with a larger extreme position angle is beneficial to the exploitation of low-yield wells.The rack and pinion shift can make the transmission more stable.For this reason,a new type of energy-saving eccentric wheel pumping unit is designed.The pumping unit uses rack and pinion for direction shifting,and has a large extreme position angle.The motion characteristics of the pumping unit could be changed to adapt to oil wells with different well conditions.The structure,working principle and key technology of the eccentric wheel pumping unit are described.The motion and dynamic performance of the pumping unit are analyzed.The base point method is used to establish the motion and dynamic characteristic model of the pumping unit,and its motion law is simulated.Under the same working conditions,the performance of the eccentric wheel pumping unit and the 5 type conventional pumping unit are compared.The research results show that the pumping unit takes a short time on the downstroke,longer time on the upstroke with gentler operation.The polished rod load on the upstroke is stable.The net torque curve of the eccentric wheel pumping unit is smoother than the torque curve of the 5 conventional pumping unit.The motor power is reduced from 11.30 kW to 9.99 kW with the load unevenness coefficient CLF of 1.11,which is closer to 1.Therefore,the eccentric wheel pumping unit has the advantages of superior performance and reduced energy consumption,presenting broad application prospects in low-production wells or un-conventional wells.

关 键 词：偏心轮式抽油机 齿轮齿条换向 极位夹角 净扭矩 载荷不均匀系数 悬点载荷 

分 类 号：TE933[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]