鄂北不同程度石漠化环境植物多样性与土壤物理性质  

Plant Diversity and Soil Physical Properties in Different Degree of Rocky Desertification in Northern Hubei Province

作　　者：杨佳伟 刘学全[1] 彭晓宏[1] 王明 郑兰英[1] 刘仕 罗智勇 YANG Jiawei;LIU Xuequan;PENG Xiaohong;WANG Ming;ZHENG Lanying;LIU Shi;LUO Zhiyong(Hubei Academy of Forestry,Wuhan 430000,China;Nanzhang Forestry Bureau,Xiangyang,Hubei 441500,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省林业科学研究院,武汉430000 [2]南漳县林业局,湖北襄阳441500

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2020年第6期100-106,115,共8页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家林业和草原局委托项目“湖北省南漳县石漠化样地调查和工程效益监测”(2019062046);湖北省大巴山森林生态定位观测站运行经费。

摘　　要：为了探析鄂北石漠化地区植被与土壤相关性,为区域石漠化综合治理提供参考,以鄂北岩溶石漠化生态系统为对象,采用野外定点样地监测调查及室内分析相结合的方法,研究了区域性不同程度石漠化环境中植物多样性与土壤物理性质及相关性。结果表明:鄂北岩溶石漠化地区植被结构简单,群落空间结构、植物组成、植物多样性随石漠化程度增强而递减,强度石漠化植物仅有13科18属18种;石漠化程度越高,植物形态特征越相近,以铁仔、黄栌及忍冬科、豆科的带刺植被为主;石漠化土壤物理结构随石漠化等级呈退化趋势,而持水性能则是先退化后趋于稳定;环境土壤的容重、干密度、孔隙度与植物多样性显著相关,其中非毛管孔隙度同丰富度、植物多样性呈显著正相关,均匀度指数与毛管孔隙度呈显著正相关;总孔隙度、均匀度、多样性、丰富度、毛管孔隙度是基于植物多样性和土壤物理性质评价石漠化的关键指标。In order to explore the correlation between vegetation and soil in the rocky desertification area of Northern Hubei Province,and provide reference for the comprehensive management of rocky desertification,we took the karst rocky desertification ecosystem in northern Hubei Province as the example,and investigated the plant diversity and soil physical properties and their correlation in different degree of regional rocky desertification environment by the method of sampling field site monitoring and indoor analysis.The vegetation structure in the karst rocky desertification area in northern Hubei is simple,and the spatial structure,plant composition and plant diversity of the community decrease with the increase of the degree of rocky desertification.The intensity is only 13 families,18 genera and 18 species.The morphological characteristics of plants are closer when the degree of rocky desertification is higher.The main types of vegetation are Myrsine africana,Cotinus coggygria,Caprifoliaceae and Leguminosae with thorns.The physical structure of rocky desertification soil tends to be degraded with the degree of rocky desertification,while the water holding capacity tends to be stable after degradation.The bulk density,dry density and porosity of soil are significantly correlated with plant diversity,among which non capillary porosity is positively correlated with richness and plant diversity,and evenness index is positively correlated with capillary porosity.The total porosity,evenness,diversity,richness and capillary porosity are the key indicators to evaluate rocky desertification based on plant diversity and soil physical properties.

关 键 词：鄂北石漠化 群落结构 Α多样性 Β多样性 土壤物理性质 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学] S714.7[农业科学—林学]