生物炭添加对设施茄子磷吸收及利用率的影响  

Effect of Biochar Addition on the Phosphorus Absorption and Yield of Eggplant in Facility Vegetable Fields

作　　者：陈新[1] 徐欣[1] 曲红云[2] 陈一民[3] 隋跃宇[3] 焦晓光[1,4] CHEN Xin;XU Xin;QU Hong-yun(College of Modern Agriculture and Eco-Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150080;Institute of Horticulture,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150069)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院园艺分院,黑龙江哈尔滨150069 [3]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所黑土区农业生态重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [4]东北农业大学寒地黑土利用与保护重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第19期149-151,156,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技部重点研发计划项目“农田氮磷淋溶损失污染与防控机制研究”(2016YFD0800100);东北农业大学寒地黑土利用与保护重点实验室项目“不同水肥管理对设施菜田黑土氮淋溶的影响”。

摘　　要：以设施茄子为研究对象,探究生物炭添加对设施茄子磷吸收及产量的影响,选取常规水肥处理(WF)、常规水肥+生物炭(WFB)以及减水减肥+生物炭(80%W80%FB)处理,分析添加生物炭对茄子磷吸收量及利用效率的影响。结果表明,与常规水肥处理相比,常规水肥+生物炭处理产量为54.88 t/km^2,增加4.28%(P<0.05),茄子磷的吸收量为13.99 kg/km^2,增加11.74%(P<0.05),磷的吸收效率、利用效率和偏生产力分别增加11.80%(P<0.05)、160.83 kg/kg(P<0.05)和4.28%(P>0.05);减水减肥+生物炭处理产量为52.79 t/km^2,增加0.30%(P>0.05),茄子磷的吸收量为13.73 kg/km^2,增加9.58%(P>0.05),磷的吸收效率、利用效率和偏生产力分别增加9.67%(P>0.05)、11.66 kg/kg(P>0.05)和25.38%(P<0.05)。综上所述,施加生物炭可以促进植株对磷的吸收利用、增加作物产量、减少土壤中的肥料残留。Taking eggplant in facility vegetable field as the research object,effects of biochar addition on phosphorus absorption and yield of eggplant were explored.Regular irrigation and fertilizer treatment(WF),regular irrigation and fertilizer+biochar(WFB),and reducing irrigation and reducing fertilizer+biochar(80%W80%FB)were selected and then effects of biochar addition on phosphorus absorption and utilization efficiency were analyzed.The results showed that in the regular irrigation and fertilizer+biochar treatment,yield was 54.88 t/km^2,which increased by 4.28%(P<0.05)compared to that in the regular irrigation and fertilizer treatment;the absorption of phosphorus in eggplant was 13.99 kg/km^2,which increased by 11.74%compared to the regular irrigation and fertilizer treatment(P<0.05);the absorption efficiency,utilization efficiency and partial productivity of phosphorus increased by 11.80%(P<0.05),160.83 kg/kg(P<0.05),and 4.28%(P>0.05),respectively.In reducing irrigation and reducing fertilizer+biochar treatment,yield was 52.79 t/km^2,which increased by 0.30%(P<0.05)compared to the inregular irrigation and fertilizer treatment;the phosphorus absorption of eggplant was 13.73 kg/km^2,which was an increase of 9.58%(P>0.05)compared to the regular irrigation and fertilizer treatment;the absorption efficiency,utilization efficiency and partial productivity of phosphorus increased by 9.67%(P>0.05),11.66 kg/kg(P>0.05),and 25.38%(P<0.05),repectively.In summary,the application of biochar in the facility eggplant field could promote the absorption and utilization of phosphorus by plants,increase vegetable yields and reduce fertilizer residues in soil.

关 键 词：生物炭 设施茄子 磷吸收 利用率 产量 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]