华南常见毒鹅膏菌及其中毒事件分析  

Analysis of common poisonous species of Amanita and their poisoning cases in South China

作　　者：邓旺秋[1] 李泰辉[1] 张明[1] 肖正端[1] 贺勇 徐隽彦 DENG Wang-Qiu;LI Tai-Hui;ZHANG Ming;XIAO Zheng-Duan;HE Yong;XU Jun-Yan(State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application,Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology,Guangdong Institute of Microbiology,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510070,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省微生物研究所广东省科学院,华南应用微生物国家重点实验室,广东省菌种保藏与应用重点实验室,广东省微生物应用新技术公共实验室,广东广州510070

出　　处：《菌物学报》2020年第9期1750-1758,共9页Mycosystema

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31970024,31670018);广东省科技计划项目(2019B121202005,2018B030324001,2018B020205001)。

摘　　要：根据文献报道和实际调查对华南地区的有毒鹅膏种类进行统计分析,确认了21种常见有毒鹅膏菌,包括急性肝脏损害型的剧毒鹅膏、急性肾脏损害型和神经精神型的毒鹅膏各7种。对2000–2019年20年间发生的有毒鹅膏中毒事件进行统计分析显示,华南地区有毒鹅膏中毒事件共发生45起,163人中毒,60人死亡,病死率为36.8%;毒鹅膏的中毒事件主要发生在3–9月,其中3月份最多。致命鹅膏Amanita exitialis引起的中毒起数、中毒人数和中毒死亡率均占中毒事件总数的70%左右,是华南毒蘑菇中毒的"头号杀手"。本研究对华南地区毒蘑菇中毒的科学精准防控、有效减少中毒事件的发生、以及降低中毒死亡率具有重要意义。Twenty one poisonous Amanita species from South China were confirmed through literature survey and actual investigations,including seven lethal species causing acute liver failure,seven species causing acute renal failure,and seven species causing psychoneurological disorder.Statistics from 2000 to 2019 showed that there were a total of 45 poisoning cases causing toxicoses of 163 patients and 60 deaths,with mortality of 36.8%in South China.The poisoning cases mainly occurred from March to September,and most in March.Amanita exitialis was the"number one killer"in South China,causing about 70%of total cases of poisoning and death.

关 键 词：致命鹅膏 广东 多样性 临床症状 

分 类 号：R595.7[医药卫生—内科学]