李落果原因调查及分析  

Investigation and analysis on the cause of plum fruit dropping

作　　者：赵龙龙[1] 刘朝红 胡增丽 Zhao Longlong;Liu Zhaohong;Hu Zengli(Shanxi Agricultural University/Institute of Pomology,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taigu,Shanxi 030800,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学/山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西太谷030800

出　　处：《落叶果树》2020年第5期19-21,共3页Deciduous Fruits

基　　金：山西省农业科学院特色农业技术攻关项目(YGG17028);山西省农科院科技创新项目(YCX2018302)。

摘　　要：调查了李坐果后到采收前落果的特点,分析了落果的原因。结果表明,李落果由多种原因引起,由养分竞争引起的生理落果和害虫危害引起的落果是主要的。按李果发育从小到大分为5级,1级落果中50%左右由李实蜂危害引起;2、3、4级落果主要由生理落果引起,其次为病虫害引起;其中以2、3级落果最多,主要发生在幼果期和硬核期;5级落果主要由鸟害和虫害引起。建议在李果发育不同阶段,采取相应的加强肥水管理,及时防治害虫等适宜措施。In order to understand the causes of plum fruit dropping,the characteristics and causes of plum fruit dropping were investigated.The results showed that based on the size of plum fruit,the dropping fruits were divided into 5 grades.Among them,it was evident that Grade 2 and 3 had the largest number of fruits dropping,especially in the young fruit and hard core of plum periods.About 50%of Grade 1 fruit dropping was caused by Hoplocampa minutominuto,while the rest was as a result of physiological fruit dropping.Fruit dropping of Grade 2,3 and 4 were mainly caused by physiological fruit dropping,followed by pests and diseases.However,fruit dropping for Grade 5 was mainly caused by bird pests and insect pests.Theoretical guidance for the production and prevention of fruit dropping were provided.

关 键 词：李 落果原因 李实蜂 分级 

分 类 号：S662.3[农业科学—果树学]